World Congress on Public Health and Nutrition March 10-12, 2016 Madrid, Spain

Biography:

Dr Alkarimi has completed her MSc and PhD in Dental Public Health, University Colage London (UCL). She is the director of Maternal and Child Oral Health (MCOH) Program at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Her interests include effects of oral health on weight and height and oral health inequalities and social determinants.

Abstract:

Background/Introduction Dental caries is a significant public health problem in Arab countries. Weight gain in low weight children after dental treatment was reported by some studies from developed countries. Aims/Objectives To evaluate the effect of treatment of severe caries on children’s health related outcomes Method A randomised controlled trial of 86 children from military primary schools who satisfied the selection criteria was carries out. Dental and anthropometric examinations were performed using WHO standardised procedures. Dental treatment was provided to the test group and all selected outcomes were measured 6-month post-intervention for test and control groups. ANCOVA and regression modelling were used to analyse data. Results Children in test group reported to have significantly better health related outcomes than controls though height and weight showed insignificant improvements after treatment of caries. Discussion/Conclusion Although dental treatment did not significantly improve the mean weight and height, treated children had lower levels of dental pain, sepsis and dissatisfaction with teeth and smiling. Interestingly, a significant increase in appetite was identified in test group compared to controls.

Biography:

Alberto has completed his PhD in Health Economics at University of Lausanne after finishing a master degree in Science of Economics also at the University of Lausanne and a Bachelor in Economics at the University of Guanajuato in Mexico. Previously working at Nestle Research Center, Alberto has collaborated as external consultant with the World Bank and the Food and Agriculture Organization. Additionally, Programme Officer in Global Alliance for Vaccination and Immunization (GAVI) and the Global Fund. Alberto is originally from Mexico and back there he has worked as a junior legislative advisor at the National Deputy Chamber.

Abstract:

Recent studies have highlighted the role of education in the fight against excessive weight gain. However the individual’s eating and other habits typically develop early in life, hence introducing education after these patterns are formulated limits its potential impact on weight gain. Changing people’s habits has proven to be much more difficult than creating good habits at first. Therefore, instead of considering the effect of education on adults, we focus on the association between mothers’ education, early feeding practices and children overweight controlling for wealth and other cofounders. We combined 45 nationally representative and standardized Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) spanning the period 2006-2015 which include more than 100,000 children. We split the children population into 3 age groups: 6 to 35 months old; 3 to 5 years old and; 6 to 9 years old. For children under the age of 3 there is 24 hours food intake information which is also included in the association analysis. We ran multilevel regression models with country and year fixed-effects: a binary logistic regression on overweight and a linear regression of z-score weight for age. Preliminary results show that the strongest association between household wealth and child obesity rates is found in children from lower educated mothers. We failed to identify any early feeding type (from 6 to 35 months) which appears to provide a risk for overweight. These findings highlight the importance of education to break the cycle of developing unfavorable eating and health habits of children. Further work is in progress to test different econometric specifications.

Biography:

Alla has completed her Master dgree in public health from Hamdan Bin Mohamed University in Dubai, UAE. She is currently working in Health Promotion Department in Supreme Council for Family Affaires in Sharjah. Her research interest are in nutrition and public health.

Abstract:

Objective: To assess the prevalence of Disordered Eating Attitude (DEA), and to investigate the cultural determinants of eating disorders in a representative sample of Emirati young females. Methods: A cross sectional study of a sample of 508 adolescent females were chosen through a stratified randomization technique; where one section from each of the grade 10, 11 and 12 was chosen from each public school (n-6) located in Sharjah in the UAE. All consenting students in the selected classes filled the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Body Figure Rating Scale (BFR). From the latter, body dissatisfaction score was calculated. From the students who scored 20 or above on EAT 26 (cut off point for eating disorder) and high on body dissatisfaction, a small sample was selected (n=52) and were included into one to one interviews for further investigation on determinants of DEA. Results: From the study sample, 37.8% scored at least 20 on EAT-26, and 65.2% had body dissatisfaction. Significant relationships were seen between the following pairs: 1) EAT-26 and body dissatisfaction, 2) BMI and body dissatisfaction, 3) occurrence of vomiting and EAT-26. After the in-depth interviews, the following factors were noted as pre-detriments of eating disorders: 1) family has negatively influenced 76.9% of the adolescent by emphasizing on thinness, verbal insults, and non-satisfaction with girls shapes and appearances; 2) Media has negatively influenced 73.1% adolescents (western view of women, models, and celebrates); 3) bullying at either home or school, because of either shape or weight negatively influenced 71% of the participants. Conclusion: The study shows a high prevalence of eating disorder and body dissatisfaction among schools girls in Sharjah. Additionally, interviews showed that the major leading factors to these conditions are family, media, and bullying. Finally, future studies should start prioritizing educational campaigns in schools and within families targeting eating disorders to prevent further deterioration in health of the young generation in UAE.

Biography:

Zada Pajalic received her PhD. in Medical Sciences from the Orebro University, Sweden. At present, she is Associate Professor at the Department of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus College of Applied Sciences Norway. She has co-authored over 20 papers, including review articles and textbook chapters. She is also a Reviewer/Co-reviewer of scientific papers in several international journals.

Abstract:

There is an urgent need to facilitate the development of more effective breastfeeding support strategies. The desired research will focus on knowledge-based service innovation that include intervention in form of computer-based training program aimed for training of health and care professionals involved in breastfeeding support. The intervention in the proposed study will contribute to more effective adoption of new knowledge in healthcare organisations. Further, the proposed project will be organised as an interdisciplinary and crosswise sectorial collaboration and will be customized at a national and international level, by involving decision-makers, researchers, health care professionals and care users. Ambition with this project is to contribute to increased breastfeeding frequency by increasing competence in professional support in related healthcare services and midwife education program. There is also an urgent need for evidence based technical solutions as a professional support for the professionals to more effectively implement new research in practice. This project will contribute health care with high quality and resource use. The overall aim for the project is to implement and evaluate new innovative solutions in order to improve long-term strategies for professional support and quality of care, related to knowledge-based breastfeeding support. The design method for the project is longitudinal randomized controlled intervention trial. The intervention will be computer-based training education program developed in collaboration with decision-makers, professionals and researchers. Data will be gained before and after intervention by using: Breastfeeding attitudes among counselling health professionals (An instrument based on WHO standards was developed to measure breastfeeding attitudes), Mother-to-infant Relation and Feelings (MIRF) scale and Mother-Perceived-Professional-Professional support (MoPPS) scale. For successful intervention, it is important that decision-makers are involved in the research process, so that suggested changes can be possible if they actively participate and encourage the project as well as the adoption of research results in practice. Involvement of stakeholders in the research demand facilitation of the research process. This can enable cooperation by using project management techniques as co-counselling and clinical reflection. The outcome of the project will be multiple may be placed in a regional, national, international or global context. Firstly, the project will contribute to development of knowledge-based professionals’ competence with focus on to support breastfeeding from first breastfeeding time, to minimise usage of infant formula during first week of life, longer exclusive- and predominant breastfeeding and stronger connection between mother and child. This topic will fit with theme Nutrition and Lactation. Key words: innovation, collaboration, breastfeeding, support, knowledge

Biography:

Enbo Ma is a public health physician and has a PhD in Epidemiology. Currently he is Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Tsukuba Faculty of Medicine, Japan. He has published some papers on cancer and cardiovascular diseases in medical and public health journals.

Abstract:

The Global Burden of Disease Study showed that the years of life lost due to stroke and coronary heart disease were the highest in Japan in 2010. The high morbidity and mortality noted in the Japanese population were given significant cost to the society. Cardiovascular diseases share risk factors with other major non-communicable diseases, including tobacco smoking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, history of diabetes, metabolic factors (hypertension, high serum glucose, low high density lipid-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and overweight). The Japan national health and nutrition surveys since 1945 have provided the prominent information for health promotion strategies issued by the health ministry. In Japan, most (63%) dietary sodium came from soy sauce (20%), commercially processed fish/seafood (15%), salted soups (15%), and preserved vegetables (13%). The national campaigns for reducing salt intake, together with other hypertension control programs, resulted in the great reduction of stroke mortality since 1960s. However, because of the westernization of lifestyles such as high-fat diets and sedentary work patterns associated with socioeconomic development, there has a possible increase in the incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease in Japan. For instance, the mean BMI increased in Japanese men with an increment of 0.44 kg/m2 between 1976 and 1995. In 2009, the obesity was 31.7% in men and 21.8% in women aged 20 and above. The prevalence of high total cholesterol (≥220 mg/dL) increased from 15% to 27% for men and 19% to 35% for women.

Biography:

Ploypun Narindrarangkura graduated from Phramongkutklao College of Medicine in 2013. Now she is the faculty of Military and Community Medicine Department, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. Her previous study was on “Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Using Modified Berlin Questionnaire in Thai Rural Community”. She used to present this research at APMMC conference when she was a medical student. She is fascinated with research in public health and infectious disease.

Abstract:

Influenza is a respiratory disease in which some subtypes have high virulence. In some particular setting such as military camp, the crowded environment is prone for an outbreak, rapid onset and difficult for controlling transmission. We investigated and characterized an operationally unique outbreak of H3 influenza A in 2nd year medical cadets at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine during October 2015. Case report form of respiratory infection was performed in both ILI and non-ILI cases. Nasopharyngeal swab was performed to idenfify influenza A/B. Positive cases for influenza A were further analyzed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) method for H3 influenza A. Total of 103, 2nd year medical cadets were enrolled into the study. There were 40 (38.8%, 95% CI; 25.6 – 44.3) of them presented with ILI in which 28 cases (70 %) were positive for influenza A. Mean age was 19.6 years (SD=0.84). 2 cases (5%) later developed pneumonia and admitted to hospital. The factors asscocited with ILI were including occuplying in platoon 2 (OR=3.54, 95% CI; 1.25-10.03, p=0.017) and staying in the barrack within 2 weeks prior to the outbreak (OR=4.23, 95% CI; 1.14 – 15.79, p=0.031) medical cadets were immunized for influenza vaccine for 39 (37.9%) before commencing military training. Attack rate of ILI was significantly higher in unvaccinated cases (44.1%) than vaccinated cases (28.2%). We tested sampels of 10 positive cases of influenza A and found that all cases were A/H3 influenza by RT-PCR. We suggested that all military personnels should be vaccinated for influenza before recruitment. Military should seperate ILI case from others to prevent an outbreak.

Biography:

Amani Aliwi Alrasheedi has completed her PhD at the age of 33 years from Girl's College for Home Economics and Art Education- King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah- Saudi Arabia and postdoctoral studies from Leeds University School of Food Science and Nutrition. She is the vice dean of high graduate studies in King Abdulaziz university. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and a suppervisor for four master students.

Abstract:

Energy drinks consumers have increased worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of energy drink consumption among male and female intermediate, high school and university students in Jeddah city and to evaluate the reasons for drinking and knowledge level of students regarding energy drinks. Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect data from 4355 students enrolled in the study. Results: (50%) of the students consumed energy drinks at for least one can per week and (37.9%) of the sample drank from 2-4 cans per week. Code Red is the most popular brand consumed (31.6%). Further, (39.0%) of the sample consumed energy drinks in the afternoon and (41.1%) drank it for its tasty flavor. Regarding the knowledge level of the students about the drinks, (37.0%) were fair and (28.4%) were good. Conclusion: Knowledge level of students regarding energy drinks is acceptable but their practices need to improve.

Biography:

Zayde Ayvaz completed her PhD in Ankara University, Turkey and additional postdoctoral study in The University of Auckland, New Zealand. She received Associate Professor degree at the age of 29. She has published more than 30 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member on more than 25 scientific journals. She currently works for Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Marine Technology Eng. located in Turkey.

Abstract:

Traditional smoking application using the smoke produced by burning woods has been utilized as a preservation technique for centuries. However, wood smoke generates some unfavorable compounds such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) upon pyrolysis, which occurs between 180 and 350 °C. These PAHs are generally known to be carcinogenic even though some of the PAHs are not actually considered as carcinogenic themselves but believed to be served as precursors. Benzo(a)pyrene, one of the important compounds listed among the PAHs, has been shown to cause birth defects when its concentration in foods exceeds 300 ppm. This fact brought some restrictions to PAH presence in commercially available smoked products in some countries including the European Union countries and the United States. The strictest restriction is applied within the European Union with 0.002 ppm allowance. On the other hand, smoke condensates have been used in food industry over three decades. Once water and wood smoke evaporates and goes through some separation and filtration steps, so called “liquid smoke condensate” is obtained. The preparation steps used during the production of liquid smoke condensate help avoiding tar and unfavorable compounds like PAHs. Recent studies have elucidated that liquid smoke foods has either no or trace amount of Benzo(a)pyrene present. This study aims to review the importance of using liquid smoke condensates in food products from health perspective as a replacement to traditional smoking due to the negative health implications of PAH containing traditionally smoked foods.

Biography:

Phunlerd Piyaraj is a Lecturer at Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. He is fascinated with researches in public health and infectious diseases and he hopes this study will attract all people and also the government to recognize the burden of HIV infection and methamphetamine use among men who have sex with men. In the near future, he plans to do further research of this topic by qualitative method to investigate main factors and causes which are key aspects of the HIV infection and methamphetamine use in these hard to reach population.

Abstract:

To examine the prevalence of methamphetamine use prior to sex and to investigate the risk factors associated with HIV prevalence including methamphetamine use to enhance sex pleasure among MSM participating in BMCS in Bangkok, Thailand. A cross-sectional study of 1,744 MSM participating in a cohort of MSM in Bangkok, Thailand between April 2006 and November 2010 was evaluated for HIV prevalence and associated risk factors. Men were tested for STI/HIV infection at baseline. Demographic and behavioral data were collected by audio-computer-assisted self-interview. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors associated with HIV prevalence. Baseline prevalence of methamphetamine use was 11.2% (195/1,744), respectively. The overall HIV prevalence was 21.3% (372/1,744). Reported methamphetamine use was not associated with HIV prevalence in multiple logistic regressions. After adjusting for potential confounders, risk factors for HIV prevalence were self-identified as homosexual/gay, practice dual role taking of anal intercourse, ever had forced sex, younger age when having first sex, ever diagnosed STI, practice anal douched, recruited sex partners from park, used poppers, clinical appearance of anal warts, and Treponema Pallidum (TP), hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HSV-1 and anti-HSV-1 and 2 positivity. The inverse factors associated with lower HIV prevalence were being a student, a history of HIV testing, and ever paid for sex. Behavior of methamphetamine use to enhance sex was common and there is a high prevalence of HIV infection among these men. It underscores the need for innovative and increased efforts to prevent HIV infection in this population.

Biography:

Nicole Neufingerl has completed her MSc in Nutrition & Health at Wageningen University in 2006. As nutrition & health scientist, she has been working at Unilever R&D for 10 years on a range of topics related to dietary intake and behaviour as well as out of home consumption, particularly in children and older adults. She conducts literature reviews, intervention and observational studies and surveys, which have been published in international peer reviewed scientific journals.

Abstract:

Overweight and obesity are global public-health problems and unhealthy restaurant meals have been identified as one contributing factor. Given the increase in restaurant meals and the number of restaurants throughout the world, programs that can help chefs and operators to produce healthy meals can have a large public health impact. Unilever Food Solutions has rolled out a Seductive NutritionTM programme to help chefs develop effective programs to provide healthier restaurant meals. However, to take this further, an understanding of diner’s desire for healthier menu items and the barriers faced in choosing healthier meals is required. As such we conducted an international study to identify these barriers and needs. A cohort of restaurant diners was recruited from ten countries: United Kingdom, United States of America, Germany, Poland, Turkey, Russia, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia and China (n=5,000, aged 18-65 years). Participants completed a comprehensive questionnaire. Globally, 82% of diners were not completely satisfied with current healthy options. The top 3 small changes that these diners wanted to see included on restaurant menus to make them healthier included: steamed, baked or grilled instead of fried foods, fresh ingredients used, and served with plenty of vegetables. Taste, price and satiation were seen as key barriers to current healthy options. Diners had clear preferences for when they wanted to see healthy items on the menu in terms of time of day, time of the week and occasion. Nutritionists, dietitians, chefs and managers can leverage these insights to provide healthier and appealing meals.

Biography:

Huseyin Ayvaz completed his master and PhD at the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH and he currently works for Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Food Engineering, in Turkey. His research involves the use of infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics in food and agricultural products with emphasizes given on handheld and portable infrared spectrometers.

Abstract:

Acrylamide is a chemical compound naturally formed during processes such as frying, roasting and baking in a wide variety of foods including French fries, potato chips, cereal, bread and coffee and it has been reported to be a human neurotoxin, a rodent carcinogen and a “probable carcinogen to humans”. Maillard reaction between sugars and amino acids is considered to be the main mechanism for acrylamide formation, with asparagine and reducing sugars as the major reactants present in foods. It has been found to cause cancer in laboratory animals when consumed in excessive amounts (LD50 values are in the range of 107-203 mg/kg bw in rats). Acrylamide has the ability to be absorbed by the skin, inhaled by mucosa or by ingestion through the oral route. Upon consumption through the diet, acrylamide is quickly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract and distributed to the tissues. Acrylamide is metabolized to glycidamide in the liver and becomes more reactive towards DNA and proteins. Up to 50 % of the acrylamide obtained from diet in pregnant woman can be transferred to the fetus via blood through the placenta. As of now, the greatest risk from acrylamide seems to be the neurotoxic effects in humans due to the changes that occur in the central nervous system after exposure to high doses of acrylamide. This study aims to review the precursors of acrylamide, how it is formed in foods, possible mitigating strategies and analytical methods available for its measurement emphasizing some recent infrared-based methods developed for its measurement in our laboratory.

Biography:

Korolija-Marinic D is affiliated from Zagreb University Hospital Center, Croatia

Abstract:

Introduction: Waiting lists are historically one of the biggest problems and challenges of Croatian healthcare system. In 2015, Ministry of Health and Croatian Health Insurance Fund have implemented certain policy interventions to increase availability of health care. Aim: To analyse effect of implemented health care interventions on waiting lists. Methods: Data was gathered by business intelligence system eWaiting lists of Croatian Health Insurance Fund. Data was analysed for period 11/2/2014 to 11/12/2015. Results: In 2015 reduction of 76,861 waiting lists orders was recorded. Beside decrease of orders, reduction of average waiting time and availability of earlier term for medical procedure was recorded. Discussion and conclusion: Policy interventions for reduction of waiting lists in Croatia are primarily focused on supply side of health care system. In future, simultaneously with interventions on demand side, policy interventions focused on demand side of health care system will have to be implemented.

Biography:

Marissa Brash is the Chair for the Division of Health Professions and she is an Assistant Professor at Southern California Univerisy. Prior to her work at SCU, Dr. Brash taught at several institutions throughout California. She obtained her Doctorate of Public Health Degree in Epidemiology in 2013 from Loma Linda University, where she also earned her Master of Public Health Degree in Biostatistics in 2008. Dr. Brash helped create the framework of what is now the Bachelor of Science in Biological Sciences Bachelors Completion Program at SCU and currently serves as the Program Director.

Abstract:

Purpose: To assess the association between a diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and diet as well as demographic factors among subjects in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort. Methods: Unconditional logistic regression modeling was used to assess the association between self-reported SLE and vegetarian dietary status adjusted for age, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), education, and smoking history among 74,907 AHS-2 participants. Results: Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks were significantly more likely to report a diagnosis of SLE (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.32, 2.32). A significantly higher proportion of 40-59 year olds (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.16, 2.96) and those 60 or older (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.03, 2.76) reported a diagnosis of SLE when compared to subjects younger than 40 years Those who reported having ever smoked were more likely to report SLE than those who had never smoked (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.17, 2.18). Compared to non-vegetarians, the vegetarians had lower odds ratio of reporting SLE (OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.57, 1.07) with intermediate levels for the pesco-vegetarians who eat fish as the only source of meat, (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.58, 1.42). (p(trend) < 0.05). Conclusion: Following a vegetarian, plant-based diet may be associated with lower risk of SLE.

Biography:

Nida Tokac Er has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics from Hacettepe University. She is pursuing her Master’s degree in the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University. Also, she is a Research Assistant at the same University.

Abstract:

Osteoporosis is a debilitating disease and it needs to be aware of severity or precautions. It is likely to have a profound effect on physical activity level and calcium intake. The aim of this study is to examine knowledge of osteoporosis (OP), health behaviours, and health beliefs among a sample of women working in different branch banks in Ankara, Turkey. Women completed a self-administered questionnaire providing age, weight, height and demographic profile data. The Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) and International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) One-Minute OP Risk Test administered to a 200 randomly selected, sedentary occupied women aged 21-54 years. OKAT contains 20 item instrument with true, false and don’t know responses. The analysis was fulfilled by scoring 1 for a correct response and 0 for an incorrect or don’t know response. The total score range was from 0 to 20. Other risk test includes 19 questions and analysis was performed by scoring 1 for a correct response and 0 for an incorrect response. The more women’s age and body mass index, the more risk of OP (p<0.01). The status of education is related to OP risk. Women graduating from high school had more risk compared to upper level educated women (p<0.05). The majority of women seemed to be largely unaware of the potential threat of OP, especially targeting younger women, to cease progression of OP or carry a step further for any preventative interventions.

Biography:

Rajaa Al-Raddadi has an MD degree then completed her Board certification in Community Medicine in 2004 from Postgraduate center for family and Community Medicine, Diploma in clinical research from institute of clinical research, UK and Master in Medical Education from King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. She is a staff member at Postgraduate center for family and community Medicine, Vice president for the Saudi Epidemiology Association, and board member in Evidence Based Health Care Society. She is a member in the scientific committee for community medicine at Saudi Commission for Health specialty. She has published 30 papers in several journals and has been serving as a reviewer in six journals. She participated in the development of five Saudi clinical practice guidelines.

Abstract:

Prevention of osteoporosis begins in childhood and adolescence as 90 to 95% of an adult’s bone mineral being achieved by the end of adolescence. Several risk factors influence bone health including low consumption of dairy products, physical inactivity, low level of sun exposure, smoking, excessive consumption of soft drinks and caffeine and vitamin D deficiency. Targeting modifiable behaviors have an important effect for the attainment of adequate peak bone mass and future fracture risk. The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the behaviors affecting bone health and vitamin D status and to identify the factors associated with Vitamin D deficiency amongst Saudi adolescent females. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the secondary schools in Jeddah City on a randomly selected 412 adolescent females. A predesigned questionnaire was used for data collection, Anthropometric measurement were measured and blood sample was also collected to measure vitamin D and iPTH. Chi square and ANOVA were used to identify the association between vitamin D status and the independent variables. Results: The mean (SD) of age was 17.2 (1.2). Reported consumption of two or more serving of dairy products per day was 11.2%. About 70% drink soft drink regularly, 13.9% perform the recommended exercise per week and 10% expose to sun. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 67.5% .There were no significant association between sociodemographic characteristics, dairy products, coffee, tea intake, anthropometric measurements and calcium and vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D status. Only iPTH was significantly associated with vitamin D status. The mean iPTH was significantly higher among adolescents with vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: This study indicates that Saudi female adolescents at significant risk of developing osteoporosis based on the prevalence of risky behaviors include low consumption of dairy products, high consumption of soft drink, low exercise level, low sun exposure and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.

Biography:

My qualifications are MPH and MSc-Nutrition and I am currently a PhD student in epidemiology with training in global public health at Umeå University, Sweden. I am studying the emergence of the dual burden of malnutrition in Indonesia focusing specifically on the role of gender and social capital. Since January 2014, I have started collaborating with Prof. SV Subramanian from Harvard University studying inter-individual inequalities in Body Mass Index (BMI) as well as variation in BMI over time and place utilizing multilevel statistical analysis. For this work, I have been appointed as a research scientist at the Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in spring 2015.

Abstract:

Introduction: The paradoxical phenomenon of the coexistence of overweight and underweight individuals in the same household, referred to as the ‘‘dual burden of malnutrition’’, is a growing nutrition dilemma in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Aims: The objectives of this study were (i) to examine the extent of the dual burden of malnutrition across different provinces in Indonesia and (ii) to determine how gender, community social capital, place of residency and other socioeconomic factors affect the prevalence of the dual burden of malnutrition. Methods: The current study utilized data from the fourth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted between November 2007 and April 2008. The dataset contains information from 12,048 households and 45,306 individuals of all ages. To account for the multilevel nature of the data, a multilevel multiple logistic regression was conducted. Results: Approximately one-fifth of all households in Indonesia exhibited the dual burden of malnutrition, which was more prevalent among male-headed households, households with a high Socio-economic status (SES), and households in urban areas. Minimal variation in the dual burden of malnutrition was explained by the community level differences (4%). Living in households with a higher SES resulted in higher odds of the dual burden of malnutrition but not among female-headed households and communities with the highest social capital. Conclusion: To improve household health and reduce the inequality across different SES groups, this study emphasizes the inclusion of women’s empowerment and community social capital into intervention programs addressing the dual burden of malnutrition.

Biography:

Yasser is a current 6th year Medical Student at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. He has present this researsh at tow reigonal confrences and published in local medical Journal, currently planning to do more researches regarding national health and quality of life style. It will be pleased me to meet and talk with all intrested in medical filed throug the world. Highly appreciate your work in orgnizing this event. Mucho Gracias

Abstract:

Background: Fast food consumption (FFC) is one of the most common eating habits nowadays with escalated prevalence in the recent decades. It is a risk factor for development of many diseases, and the risk increases with increase FFC. Objectives: The study aimed to find the prevalence of FFC among the University students, to identify factors that contribute to the FFC among them, and to test student’s level of awareness regarding the health issues occur due to the consumption of fast food. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from December 2013 - May 2014. The target population was students of either gender studying in Majmaah University.A total of 505 students (325) males and (180) females aged between 18-26 years were randomly chosen from Colleges of Almajmaah University. Results: Two hundred and ten (41.6%) of the participants (159 males, 51 females) choose fast food as their usual meal. Fast food as a usual meal was consumed more by male students as compared to female student (p<0.001).Female students were attracted by taste more than male students, female students were attracted to advertisements more than male students (p<0.001). Consuming fast food and staying away from the family was significantly more in male students as compared to female students (p<0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of FFC among Almajmaah University students is very high. More than one quarter of the participants were consuming fast food daily which itself is alarming. Some intervention / awareness programmed should be conducted to minimize the harmful effects of FFC.

Biography:

Ahmed Abdulahi is a 35 years old. He has been studying MSc in Public Health Nutrition at school of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran and he will be graduated by the end of December 2015. He has published one article on PubMed indexed journal and three papers are under review. His last career was Emergency Response Manager in CARE Ethiopia and he has a total of 14 years practical working experience in international NGO and governmental organization.

Abstract:

Food insecurity is the result of a complex interplay of factors and it is a major factor contributing to hunger and malnutrition. The aim of this study was to examine the association between household food insecurity and nutritional status among children aged 24 to 59 months in Haromaya district in Ethiopia. A community-based cross sectional study with a representative sample of households selected by a multistage sampling procedure was used (n = 453). Household Food Insecurity Access Scale questionnaire and anthropometry were administered. Chi-square test was used to test association between household food insecurity and under nutrition. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to select variables that are candidate for multivariable model. The result revealed that prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting is 61.1 percent, 28.1 percent and 11.8 percent, respectively. The mean household food insecurity access scale score was 3.34, more than one-thirds of households (39.7%) experienced some degree of food insecurity. By logistic regression analysis and after adjusting for the confounding factors (Sex of household head, child age, child sex and size of the family), household food insecurity was significantly predicting underweight (OR=2.48, C.I=1.17-5.24) and marginally significant for wasting (OR=0.53, C.I=0.27-1.03). However, there was no significant association between household food insecurity and height for age and body mass index for age. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that household food insecurity was significantly predicting underweight and marginal significant for wasting. Accordingly, household food security improves child growth and nutritional status.

Biography:

Miss Erica Weilan Wang completed her BSc degree in the School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Her PhD study is ongoing in the Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Her research interest is in the role of vitamin D in healthy ageing.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Oxidation-induced damage to DNA increases when antioxidant defences or base excision repair is inadequate. Increased DNA damage can lead to mutagenic changes, apoptosis and loss of cellular function, all of which increase risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). There is increasing observational evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to increased risk of various NCDs, including cancer, coronary heart disease, dementia and diabetes. Cell culture studies have shown that vitamin D protects DNA from UV- and oxidation- induced damage, but human studies are lacking. HYPOTHESIS AND AIM: We hypothesize that lower vitamin D status associates with higher levels of oxidation-induced DNA damage in humans. This study aimed to investigate this. METHOD: The Fpg-assisted comet (single cell gel electrophoresis) assay was used to measure oxidation-induced DNA damage (as %DNA in comet tail) in peripheral lymphocytes from healthy, young (18-26 years; n=173) volunteers. Vitamin D status was assessed as plasma 25(OH)D, measured by LC-MS/MS. Here we present preliminary results from 49 of the 173 subjects. Correlational analysis (Spearman’s) was performed; differences across tertiles of 25(OH)D were explored using ANOVA. RESULTS: Mean(SD)%DNA in comet tail was 21.0(2.9)%; mean(SD) 25(OH)D was 46.7(13.3)nmol/l [range 25.9-84.3]. Mean(SD) values for %DNA in comet tail across 25(OH)D tertiles (n=~16/tertile) were 20.7(2.4)%, 20.9(2.5)%, and 21.5(3.6)% (p>0.05). No significant correlation was seen between 25(OH)D and oxidation-induced damage to lymphocytic DNA. CONCLUSION: Our hypothesis that poor vitamin D status associates with higher levels of oxidation-induced DNA damage is not supported by these preliminary data from 49 healthy young adults. The study is continuing.

Biography:

Hadj Habib NEFOUSSI is an student of master in biologycal and biochemycal analysis at university of mostaganem

Abstract:

The test of hemoglobin HbA1c is a considerable tool in the management of diabetic patients. It is thus considered that the HbA1c concentration is the history of the glycemia for 120 days prior blood test. This assay also demonstrates the risks of long-term complications. Kefir is a probiotic mixture that originated in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia and that has been proven beneficial in the treatment of many diseases including diabetes. Therefore, we studied the therapeutic effect of kefir on 30 diabetic cases (15 women and 15 men). Our study was focused on the consumption of this product by diabetics for one month and its effect on glycated hemoglobin was then assayed. The results obtained show that Kefir acts on the rate of hemoglobin HbA1c in diabetic during and after taking a drink of fermented milk (kefir). The value of the Glycated hemoglobin during the first two weeks has recorded a net decrease and then it stabilized up to 5%, which corresponds to 1g in standards, especially among female subjects . However, the decrease in men was less relevant. These values vary according to the conservation conditions, pH, and duration of consumption of kefir.

Biography:

Zipporah Bukania is a research scientist at Kenya Medical Research Institute and a doctoral student at the department of Foods and Dietetics Kenyatta University. Zipporah has over 15 years clinical nutrition work experience. 8 years developed expertise in clinical nutrition application and close to 9 years research expertise in household nutrition surveys, clinical and randomized controlled trials design and implementation; stakeholder analysis studies, project planning, budgeting, management, monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment studies. At KEMRI, she has spearheaded a number of research initiatives as Principal and Co-principal Investigator in addition to authoring a number of peer reviewed publications.

Abstract:

Introduction: Iodine and iron deficiencies are major overlapping public health issues in developing countries including Kenya, now confounded by an increase in non-communicable conditions related to the common diet such as high blood pressure (HBP), sugar and cholesterol levels. Objective: To determine the relationship between blood pressure, body iron stores and urinary iodine concentrations in free living women of Eastern Kenya. Methods: Using multistage sampling, 174 women (15-49years) consented to participate. Two Blood Pressure (BP) measurements were taken by a calibrated Digital BP machine on the right arm, 5 minutes before and after rest between measurements. Body iron stores were estimated by serum ferritin after correcting for inflammation while Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) was measured by alkaline ashing and spectrophotometry of the Sandell–Kolthoff reaction. Results: Mean age and BMI were 35.4±7.5yrs and 24.2±4.5kg/m2 respectively. SystolicBP (124.8±13.8) and diastolicBP (77.3±9.3), were within normal WHO classification range. Median UIC (521.9ug/L:IQR[259.96-827.30] was exceptionally high (UIC >500ug/L) posing elevated risk of thyroid dysfunction, while median ferritin levels were 45.2ug/L:IQR[17.04-62.24] showing a population with adequate iron stores. Low iodine status and iron deficiency were present in 7.2% and 19.3% of the women respectively. HBP was observed in >50% women with excess iodine intakes and iron stores. In multi-variate analyses, BP was significantly (p<0.05) associated with serum ferritin but not UIC. Conclusion: BP is related to body iron stores but, despite potential risk of thyroid hormone perturbation from excessive iodine intakes, BP does not seem related to iodine intake in healthy women of this study.

Biography:

Valerie Bertrand has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from Caen University and postdoctoral studies from Lyon University School of Medicine. She works in Le Havre Hospital as gastro-pediatrician.

Abstract:

Children’s malnutrition screening is not systematic in many hospitals. The aim of our study was to screen all children in our center, describe their nutritional status, and calculate the financial valuation of the malnutrition's coding, according pricing activity (T2A). We did a cross-sectional study during 3 months in 3 pediatric units. A child was undernourished when weight/theoretical weight for height was <90% and was overweight when the body mass index z-score> +2 SD (Sempé/Rolland-Cachera graphs). The amount of coding's financial valuation was calculated according the CIM-10 classification. Statistic analysis was done with the IBM-SPSS version 20.0 software (Student’s t test corrected, ANOVA, χ2 test). Among 738 children were hospitalized, 8.4% were undernourished, 7.2% were overweight, and 84.4% had good nutritional status. More than 80% had no previous nutritional care. Overweight children were older (9,9 ±5,2 years) than undernourished children (5,9 ± 5,1 years) or children with good nutritional status (5,9 ± 5,6 years) (p<0.001). Longer hospital stays were observed in undernourished children (4,6 ± 3 years) or overweight children (3,6 ±2,4 years), than children with good nutritional status (3,2 ± 2,8 years) (p<0.001). Undernourished children had more chronic diseases than the others (p<0.001). The amount of malnutrition coding’s financial valuation was positive (+34%). In conclusion, our study shows it’s possible to associate a nutritional screening to hospital’s care project. The observed frequency of malnutrition was in the lower range of data available in the literature. Our initiative helps improve the care of hospitalized children.

Biography:

Nida Tokac Er has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics from Hacettepe University. She is pursuing her Master’s degree in the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University. Also, she is a Research Assistant at the same University.

Abstract:

Osteoporosis is a debilitating disease and it needs to be aware of severity or precautions. It is likely to have a profound effect on physical activity level and calcium intake. The aim of this study is to examine knowledge of osteoporosis (OP), health behaviours, and health beliefs among a sample of women working in different branch banks in Ankara, Turkey. Women completed a self-administered questionnaire providing age, weight, height and demographic profile data. The Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) and International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) One-Minute OP Risk Test administered to a 200 randomly selected, sedentary occupied women aged 21-54 years. OKAT contains 20 item instrument with true, false and don’t know responses. The analysis was fulfilled by scoring 1 for a correct response and 0 for an incorrect or don’t know response. The total score range was from 0 to 20. Other risk test includes 19 questions and analysis was performed by scoring 1 for a correct response and 0 for an incorrect response. The more women’s age and body mass index, the more risk of OP (p<0.01). The status of education is related to OP risk. Women graduating from high school had more risk compared to upper level educated women (p<0.05). The majority of women seemed to be largely unaware of the potential threat of OP, especially targeting younger women, to cease progression of OP or carry a step further for any preventative interventions.

Biography:

Pongsom Luanghirun is a 5th year medical student enrolling at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine in Bangkok. He graduated from Mahidol Wittayanusorn School in Nakhon Pathom for his high school. He is a President of Journal and Public Relation Club and a member of Foreign Affair Club in Phramongkutklao medical cadet union.

Abstract:

In Thailand, 67.2% of the population widely uses painkiller including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that may cause fatal side effects.The finding from the United States of America indicated that 12.1% took NSAIDs at least 3 times per week for more than 3 months (regular users). However, the data on NSAIDs used in Thailand is limited. The cross-sectional study was then designed to study the prevalence of NSAIDs used and also the associated factors using standardized questionnaire. The qualitative study was also conducted to assess factors involving the use of NSAIDs by interviewing two groups; regular used NSAIDs and non-regular used NSAIDs. In-depth interviewing with 3 groups: grocery stores, pharmacy stores, and public health centers was also conducted. Of 771 participants revealed that prevalence of NSAIDs used was 31.1% and prevalence of regularly use was 7.4%. Income, pain at elbows, pain at the hip and the thighs, and pain scores were the factors associated with the usage of the drug. The qualitative study indicated that factors involved in the usage of NSAIDs were drug effectiveness, access to the public health service, and consideration of benefits and risks of the drug. Despite the knowledge of risk and hazard, rural people were using NSAIDs widely indicated that they were unaware of the effect and problem of taking this sort of medication.

Biography:

Dr Felix Ogbo obtained his Bachelor of Medicine; Bachelor of Surgery and a Master in Health Management from the University of Benin and Benue State University, Nigeria, respectively, where he gained both clinical and research experiences. Dr Ogbo has also completed a Master of Public Health (with Distinction) from Western Sydney University (WSU), and currently, pursuing a PhD at WSU focused on infant and young child feeding practices in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Nigeria. Dr Ogbo has published peer reviewed articles and has presented in conferences/seminars in this domain.

Abstract:

In Nigeria – African largest economy and population, including 40 million children – a range of programs and policies were initiated in the 1990s to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. However, the prevalence of children fed in accordance with IYCF recommendations in Nigeria remains low. This paper presents time-trends in breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in Nigeria for the period (1999-2013), and considers trends in the context of key national policy responses and initiatives. Prevalence (and 95% confidence intervals) of IYCF indicators were investigated over the period 1999-2013 based on a total of 88,152 maternal responses from the Nigeria demographic and health surveys, (N= 8,199 in 1999; N=7,620 in 2003; N= 33,385 in 2008 and N=38,948 in 2013). Among the core IYCF indicators, a decreasing prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding was evident in the study period (from 38% in 1999 to 34% in 2013), while EBF remained relatively low (16% on the average). An increasing trend in minimum meal frequency was observed (41% in 2003 to 52% in 2013). Of the optional indicators, an increasing trend in predominant breastfeeding (a risk factor for diarrhoeal diseases) was evident (from 39% in 1999 to 52% in 2013), and the proportion of infants fed with a bottle remained relatively unchanged over time. Despite considerable improvements in national legislation, health system responses and community level development, IYCF practices in Nigeria are still below expected levels. Strengthening community and facility-based participation, and broader stand-alone/integrated IYCF policies are needed to improve the current feeding practices of Nigerian mothers.

Biography:

Phonphruet Kumtree has completed his secondary school from Samsenwittayalai, Bangkok, Thailand. He always was a master of Ceremony in English for his school. Furthermore, he got a full scholarship as an exchange student for three years in a row. As a result, he was honoured as a paragon by his high school. He is now a 5th year student in Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. At the same period, he also is selected to be the class commander of his medical year. He is eager to fulfill his research focusing on the impact of peer influence towards early sexual activity.

Abstract:

Sexual activity in adolescents remains a major problem with its considerable negative health outcomes. An understanding of the predictors of early sexual activity is important for effective intervention. Yet the information regarding this issue is limited in the Thai context. This study, therefore, aims to determine the prevalence and associates of early sexual initiation among school adolescents in Thailand. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during November 2015. Demographics and risky sexual behaviors were obtained by using computer-assisted self-interview (CASI). Logistic regression was performed to investigate the factors related to sexual experience. Of the 702 students surveyed, 183 (26.1%) reported lifetime sexual intercourse. Out of those sexually active students, 75 (41.0%) reported having multiple sex partners, and only 51 (27.9%) reported a regular use of condoms. The average age of sexual debut was 14.9 years (standard deviation = 2.3). After controlling for the potential confounders, we found that the factors associated with early sexual activity were including: age (OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.64-2.12; p<0.001), academic achievement (OR=0.65; 95% CI=0.46-0.92; p=0.02), parental status (AOR=1.57; 95% CI=1.04-2.36; p<0.03), have seen pornography (AOR=2.35; 95% CI=1.27-4.35; p<0.01), peers have had sex (OR=3.28; 95% CI=1.74-6.19; p<0.001), peers have had recreational drug use (OR=3.04; 95% CI=1.27-7.28; p<0.01). The study found a high prevalence of early sexual activity among secondary school students in rural community of Thailand together with correlates mentioned above. Thereby, interventions emphasizing on the reduction of peer delinquency and substance use should be developed and implemented.

Biography:

Regina Esiovwa Ahumareze is an experienced Pharmacist with a Distinction in Drug Discovery (MSc) from the School of Pharmacy, University of London. She worked for several years as the Superintendent Pharmacist at a reputable Nutraceutical company in Nigeria and she is particularly interested in the role of Nutraceuticals in disease prevention. Regina Esiovwa Ahumareze is the recipient of many awards including the Niger Delta Development Scholarship Award, the Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Award and the Delta State Scholarship Award. She is currently a PhD Researcher at the University of the West of Scotland.

Abstract:

Micronutrient deficiencies in people living with HIV (PLHIV) have been reported. Multivitamins can be used to address micronutrient deficiencies, however the benefits of multivitamins on health outcomes of PLHIV remain debateable. While some studies have reported the benefits of multivitamins in PLHIV, other studies have reported non-significant differences in outcomes of interest in control and multivitamin groups. With obvious differences in strength and composition of multivitamins used in the different studies, it is possible that the intervention (multivitamins) used for some of these studies may not have been dosed high enough to meet the level of micronutrient deficiencies in study participants resulting in non-significant results. It is possible that higher strength multivitamins may better meet existing micronutrient deficiencies resulting in better health outcomes in PLHIV. Hence we are currently conducting a double blind randomized controlled study in Lagos, Nigeria to compare three multivitamins. • Multivitamin A: Contains micronutrients at recommended daily allowance (RDA) • Multivitamin B: Contains 22 micronutrients at RDA • Multivitamin C:Contains 22 micronutrients at 3times the RDA The aim of this six months study is to determine if any of the three multivitamins will produce better health outcomes in study participants. Participants are HIV positive children aged 5 – 12 years. Primary outcome is changes in CD4 count, and secondary outcomes are changes in serum selenium and zinc levels. Baseline and midpoint samples have been collected and are being analysed. Final samples will be collected from December 2015 – January 2016. Results of this study will be presented at the conference.

Biography:

Annop Kittithaworn is a 5th year medical cadet at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. Moreover, he is fascinated with researches in cardiovascular and metabolic illness. In the near future, he plans to do further research of this topic by qualitative method to investigate main factors and causes which are the key aspects of Diabetes Mellitus in Thai rural community.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading public health issues worldwide. In 2014, WHO reported 9% of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in population aged above 18 years old and this tends to increase every year. Data from many countries also report similar trend and risk factors, such as age, gender, BMI, underlying diseases and medications. However, most studies were based on urban communities while only few were conducted in rural communities. This study aims to investigate the incidence and risk factors of type 2 DM in rural communities, central Thailand. A cohort study was conducted with 700 participants, who had been undiagnosed with diabetes and still live in the community. Participants were tested for type 2 DM using plasma glucose level at baseline in 2008 and at follow-up visit in 2015. Health behaviors and socioeconomic characteristics were collected by standardized questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for type 2 DM. A total of 131 individuals developed type 2 DM during 5,323 person-years of follow-up period. The incidence of type 2 DM was 25 per 1000 person-years. The factors associated with development of type 2 DM include gender, age, had family history of type 2 DM, impaired fasting blood glucose, waist circumference and high blood pressure which the adjusted hazard ratio were 1.77 (95% CI: 1.18-2.67), 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00-1.04), 1.84 (95% CI: 1.27-2.69), 4.08 (95% CI: 2.73-6.08), 1.75 (95% CI: 1.02-3.02) and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.04-2.75), respectively. According to this data, it is suggested that early detection is the most effective way for reducing the rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases.

Biography:

João PM Lima is 25 years old. Ph D student in Food Consumption and Nutrition and graduated in Nutrion Sciences. Nutritionist and Teacher of Nutrition subject in School of Hospitality and Tourism of Coimbra since 2013 and in Institute of Employment and Professional Training - Águeda since 2015.

Abstract:

Health promotion activities in the workplace may be more effective and targeted if the key drivers and motivations of food consumption are identified. This work aims to identify health promotion strategies at the workplace pointed out as more interesting by employees of a faculty of the University of Porto. Data was obtained through the application of a self-administrated questionnaire. There were assessed 49 individuals, either academic and non-academic workers. The majority of respondents classified as extremely interesting the 'free access to water', 'free distribution of fruit in the workplace' and 'healthy choices at meals available in the restaurant/bar'. More than 20% of employees identified the strategies 'cooking classes', 'access to health promotion materials such as leaflets and posters that promote healthy eating', 'access to messages about healthy eating weekly via email and/or bulletin boards' and 'weight management programs' as extremely uninteresting or uninteresting. Differences were found according to type of activity and academic degree concerning the interest in 'cooking classes' and 'training, lectures and workshops about healthy eating for health professionals such as nutritionists or dietitians'. 'Access to messages about healthy eating weekly via email and/or bulletin boards' was also influenced by respondents' type of activity. This work shows that strategies related to food availability were considered by respondents as the most interesting in opposite to strategies related to nutrition literacy that seem to be considered uninteresting. Differences found according to the type of activity and academic degree on interest in strategies point to the need of adapting specific interventions to different target groups.

Biography:

Siravich Thamthitiwat is a 5th year medical student enrolling at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok. He graduated from Assumption College in Bangkok for his high school. He was a president of journal and public relation club and a member of foreign affair club in Phramongkutklao medical cadet union. He is interesting in non-communicable diseases and want to continue working on this researh title in the future for more precise information. Currently, he is working on a project about influence Factors on Influenza Vaccination among Primary School Students’ Guardian in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are major non-communicable diseases and public health problems. Though many researches were conducted but only few was in rural area. This study objective was to identify factors associated to diabetic and hypertension control. A mixed-method design, a cross-sectional quantitative study and focus-group discussion for qualitative study, was used. We used a standard quantitative questionnaire to collect participants’ demographic data and potential associated factors. Qualitative study was done to determine participants’ associated charactistics. The result revealed that prevalence of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (n = 232) was below the national average at 54.4%. Factors associated to poor glycemic control were < 60 years old (OR = 3.25, 95%CI: 1.09-9.71, p = 0.002), hypertension as comorbid (OR = 0.05, 95%CI: 0.01-0.36, p = 0.003) and difficulty in getting medicine (OR = 13.71, 95%CI: 1.04-180.43, p = 0.046). The prevalence of poorly controlled hypertension (n =153) was below the national average at 42.2%. Associated factors for poor hypertension control were age (OR = 1.06 , 95%CI: 1-1.13, p = 0.038), obesity (OR = 4.57, 95%CI: 1.5-13.97, p = 0.008) and drug adherence (OR = 3.25, 95%CI: 1.09-9.71). Furthermore in qualitative study we found that difficulty in getting medicine, dietary factors and no community exercise are associate to poor blood pressure and glycemic control. In conclusion, This data will then lead to development of self-care program, to decrease risk of complications and to establish new public health policies for other rural comunities. Despite all significant factors, more research should be conduct to gain better understanding.

Biography:

Haci Omer Yilmaz graduated from Afyon Kocatepe University in 2013 and he is a research assistant in Nutrition and Dietetics Departmant of Ankara University. At same time, he is doing master in Nutrition and Dietetics.

Abstract:

Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in many countries. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have significant impact on both physical and psychological health. Environmental factors, lifestyle preferences, and cultural environment play roles in the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. The aim of this study; school-age children's eating habits, physical activity levels, and to determine the factors affecting the status of obesity. In the study, 172 boys, 186 girls 11-12 years of aged, a total of 358 children examined. Anthropometric measurements were taken and family factors, eating habits, physical activity time has been questioned. The children in the study by gender, age, weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and analyzed the distribution of the body mass index (BMI) according to WHO-2007. Overall average BMI for boys 18.9±3.5 kg/m2, for girls 18.4±3.2 kg/m2. Prevalences of overweight (≥85.-<95. percentiles) and obesity (≥95. percentile) for all children %16.2 and %15.4 respectively. Children who are obese individuals in family average body weight of 43.2 ± 10.61 kg, BMI was 19.4 ± 3.91 kg/m2, while non-obese family members of students' body weight and body mass index respectively was 39.4±7.96 kg to 18.1±2.75 kg/m2 (p<0.05). Eat something before go to sleep and haven't breakfast affect obesity prevalence negatively. Monitoring of obesity at school age children and developing school health programs will be an investment in public health for the future.

Biography:

Witchakorn Trisukon, 5th year medical student, is currently studying in Phramongkutklao college of medicine, Thailand and will graduate in 2017. He is interesting psychiatry and eager to conduct a research about depression in future. By co-operate with his colleague and advice from supervisors, this abstract is his 1st research paper and will be published in near future.

Abstract:

Blastocystis sp., an intestinal protozoan, is commonly identified in humans and animals worldwide, especially in developing countries. The evidence of Blastocystis sp. as a pathogen has been accumulated in recent years. Blastocystis sp. is transmitted by feco-oral route. In Thailand, the prevalences of Blastocystis infection were different in each community and population. This study aimed to identify prevalence of Blastocystis infection among primary school students in a rural community and identify association factors of the infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Stool examinations including wet preparation, and culture using Jones’ medium were performed to detect Blastocystis infection. Kato, formalin-ethyl acetate concentration and agar plate techniques also were used to detect other intestinal parasitic infections. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess risk behaviors. Of 501 stool specimens, there are 64 specimens (12.8%) positive for Blastocystis sp. Other intestinal parasitic infections were founded including Giardia duodenalis (1.4%), Entamoeba coli (1.0%), Opisthorchis viverrini (0.8%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.4%). Studying in some particular schools was associated with acquiring the infection. Intestinal protozoa infections are predominant in this population. According to interview with school director, source of drinking are suspected environmental factor causing Blastocystis sp. infection. Quality of water should be further investigated.

Biography:

Svetlana Stolarov has completed her Master degree in chemistry at University of Basel in 2013. Currently she is a PhD student in Prof. Cornelia Palivan`s group at University of Basel.

Abstract:

The interest to apply nanotechnology in food preservation and in food quality control largely increased in last few years. The development of active packaging materials which are able to interact with substances produced during the food decay and preserve the quality by releasing the active compounds or to sense its decay at the early stage, is very important issue to be address .[1, 2] The aim of our project is to develop the method for long-term immobilization of nanoscaled containers such as polymer vesicles (polymersomes) on the solid support. The active compounds are stored in polymer vesicles attached to the packaging surface and are released into the food upon first signs of decline in the freshness of the food. The polymersomes, formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers, were covalently attached via hydrazone bonds on the glass surface. Since, the prerequisite of such systems is to fulfil healthy and safety issues, a high stability of the attached nanocontainers is required. The architecture and stability of attached vesicles were not affected for more than 11 months under dry conditions. The glass surfaces before and after vesicle attachment were characterized by contact angle, AFM and QCM techniques. The stability of active surfaces under `wet` conditions and various pH media, as well as the immobilization on other surfaces, is still under investigation.

Biography:

Korranit was born in Bangkok, Thailand. She has completed her high school from Triamudomsuksa high school and is studying Medicine in Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. She took part in 1st International Conference of Military Medical Schools 2015 as a liaison.

Abstract:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an essential complication of diabetes as it can result in blindness. Unfortunately, the prevalence of DR is increasing worldwide. Many studies were done in hospital-based but not many concern in community. Cross-sectional study was carried out during 21th-25th November 2015 to determine the prevalence of DR and its associated factors in diabetic patients in rural community, central Thailand. The subjects in the present registry were diabetic patients who were treated in the local sanitarium and agreed to participate in this registry. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was made according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Fundus examination is done by using fundus photography and diagnosed by an ophthalmologist. The total number of diabetic patients for analysis was 238 patients. Among these patients, the prevalence of DR was 15.5% (n=37) diagnosed using fundus photography. Male (20.4%) was more likely to be DR than female (16.4%). Associated factors which considered significant were age ≤60 years old (25.6%)(OR=3.01, 95%CI: 1.17-7.73, p=0.013) and underlying of renal disease(OR=4.04, 95%CI: 1.23-13.21, p=0.006). The study shows high prevalence of DR in the rural community which healthcare provider should provided opportunity to assess eye examination for diabetic patients by an ophthalmologist to reduce risk of blindness.

Biography:

Karine Goueslard from CHRU Dijon, France

Abstract:

Background : In France, in order to assess public health policy for the perinatal period, it is necessary to have available routinely produced indicators from the whole population. These indicators are used to compare French public health policy with that of other European countries. The PMSI’s administrative and medical data may provide valuable information for research; these data are simple and reliable. The study aims to measure the PMSI data’s quality for core indicators in perinatal health in three university health centres. Method: PMSI’s data were compared with medical files from 300 live births in 2012, after 22 weeks of amenorrhea, drawn at random from the CHUs in Dijon, Paris and Nancy. The variables were chosen based on the Europeristat project’s core and recommended indicators, as well as those of the Enquete Nationale Périnatale in 2010. The information gathered blindly from the medical files was compared with the PMSI data, the quality of which was estimated with the Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and the sensitivity. Results: The data about maternal age, parity and mode of delivery as well as the rates of premature births can be superimposed between the two sources. The PPV for epidural is 96.2% and 94.3% for perineal tears. Overall, maternal morbidity is underdocumented in the PMSI, so the PPV is 100.0% for pre-existing diabetes, 88.9% for gestational diabetes and 100.0% for high blood pressure with a rate of 9.0% in PMSI and 6.3% in the medical files. The PPV for bleeding during labour is 89.5%. Conclusion: To conclude, the PMSI’s data are seemingly becoming more and more reliable for two reasons: on one hand, the importance of these data for budgetary promotion in hospitals; on the other, the increasing use of this information for statistical and epidemiological purposes.

Biography:

Dalia has completed her Pharm D at the age of 27 years from Alexandria University and she is now a PhD candidate from High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University. She is an Assisstant Lecturer at Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University.She is a Board member in Association of Applying and Developing Pharmacy (AADP), a non profit organization based in Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract:

Background information: The WHO referred public health to all organized measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population. Pharmacists, as health professionals, have the potential to bridge communication gaps that exist due to health literacy among people through educating the public about changes in lifestyle, nutrition and hand hygiene. Purpose: Children are among the vulnerable groups who have a great impact on their families. Lacking of a comprehensive health education program in our schools necessitates the pharmacists’ participation in health education for children as a part of their role in public health. Methods: The Association of Applying and Developing Pharmacy (AADP) adopted “Protect your child” project designed by Healthy Egyptians’ association. We educated children through using tools including, a cartoon movie, coloring books and educative puppet show designed to educate children about pneumonia and anemia. Results: Education was delivered among children in schools, and hospitals. We started in September 2014 where we have contributed in the education of 325 child. During 2015 we reached 1205 child, and 148 adults (representing parents). We also represented our association in national radio and television of Alexandria to reach more audience. Conclusion: Involvement of pharmacists in educating children through the use of creative ways is among the forgotten areas of practice. An important part of reducing burden of disease especially in the future includes health education for children. Recommendations: We recommend the use of campaigns which are directed to both children and parents. Furthermore, more research is needed to measure the impact of educating children on reducing disease burden.

Biography:

I completed PhD at the age of 29 years from Minoufiya University and postdoctoral studies from Faculty Of Home Economics Dept. Of Nutrition & Food Science. Participation in conference Prague, Czech Republic, under the title 15th International Nutrition & Diagnostics Conference, held on October 5-8, 2015 at DAP Hotel.

Abstract:

Work was conducted to study the health effects of Bitter Apple and Garden Cress on serum glucose and side effects of diabetes mellitus in alloxan injected rats. Twenty mature male albino rats weighing 130-200 g each divided into 4 groups (5 rats eac) one kept as control (-) group while other 3 groups injected with alloxan. Bitter Apple and Garden Cress added at 7.5 % to the basal diet given single. Serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), serum protein fractions (T.P, Alb, LDL and VLDL), serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, serum glucose as well as body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were recorded. The feeding trial continued for 28 days. The obtained results revealed that Bitter Apple and Garden Cress used were of value for amelioration of diabetes mellitus and its side effects showed best results.

Biography:

Serap BALABAN has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics at the age of 22 years from Afyon University. She is still going on her Master’s Degree of Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University. Also, she is a research assistant at the same university. Some ongoing researches, projects is carried out.

Abstract:

This research has been planned and carried out in order to determine the applications for kitchen safety and kitchen intelligence of women during preparation, cooking and storage. Study sample has consisted of 300 women between 18-65 ages who agreed to participate in the study. Survey method was used to obtain the data. In the first part of the questionnaire, general information about the women; in the second and the third part of it the women's kitchen safety (22 expressions) and kitchen intelligence (18 expressions) expressions took place. These statements are in the form of 5 point likert-type scale (Duyff, 2002). The highest scores are kitchen safety and intelligence section 110 and 90 respectively. Kitchen safety section includes expressions for food preparation, cooking, storage applications, kitchen tools hygiene and personal hygiene practices. The kitchen intelligence section comprises a deletion of application reducing the nutritional quality. Both in kitchen intelligence and kitchen safety sections, while primary school graduates get the highest scores (82.2±6.9, 68.3±7.9), university graduates get the lowest scores (78.0±7.7, 63.7±6.3). Taking part in the business environment of university graduates women in higher degrees than the primary school graduates women (89.0%, 20.5%) and spending less time in the kitchen can reduce their commitment to food safety. Limited time of working women in the kitchen can push one of these reasons for some quick solution (the food is tasted with mixing spoon, etc.). Increasing training activities for this target group has emerged considering the practices of working women in the food safety.

Biography:

Seda Onal has completed her Nutrition and Dietetic from Trakya University. She is a Research Assistant in Faculty of Health Science of Ankara University.

Abstract:

This study was planned and conducted in order to determine the eating behaviors of high schoolers studying at private and public schools. In total, 699 volunteer 14-17 age adolescents studying at 2 public schools (n=397) and 2 private schools (n=302) participated in the study. In determining the eating behaviors, eating behavior scale which was developed by Ozdogan (2013) and contains 58 expressions was used. This scale was prepared in order to determine the eating habits, preferences and attitudes of adolescents. Eating behaviors of adolescents were grouped as “bad”, “average”, “good” and “very good” according to the points obtained from the scale. When the eating behaviors of the students were investigated, it can be stated that 60.7% of the students studying at public school and 59.2% of them studying at private school were “good”. The relation between gender, age groups, the school at which they study and eating behavior points was not found as statically meaningful (p>0.05). As a result of the study, it was determined that the majority of the those who are at the range of “good” and “average” were the ones who are studying at public schools. It was thought that it was related to priority of preferences of the students who were at public schools having the priority. For this reason, the importance of the nutrition should be emphasized by giving them nutrition trainings in certain days by experts, they should be encouraged to make right choices and healthy nourishment should be provided to them with well-planned menus.

Biography:

Professor Vikas Bhatia, MD is currently Dean of India’s primer institute, Professor and Head, Deptt.of Community and Family Medicine at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India and Editor-in-Chief, Indian Journal of Community and Family Medicine (under aegis of MOHFW, GOI). He is Public Health specialist with experience of 29 years in government institutions and UNICEF and has published 75 articles in National & International journals,35 Research and project reports, authored 2 books, two chapters. He has been awarded/ honoured by UNICEF, MoH&FW, GOI, Best Scientific Paper Award at National Conference of IAPSM and WONCA World Conference of Rural Health, Melbourne. He is a member/ chairperson of various committees, national and international professional bodies.

Abstract:

Malnutrition results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or in excess leading to various health problems. Under-nutrition leads to marasmus, kwashiorkor, vitamin & mineral deficiencies; Over-nutrition leads to overweight & obesity and other diseases. However, the term malnutrition is interchangeable and usually referred to under-nutrition only. Various reports & documents prepared by WHO, UNICEF, UNDP and other organisations equates it with undernutrition which has been primarily the public health problem of havenot’s and developing countries and over nutrition being of developed nutrition. India is an emerging economy with 1.2 billion population where undernutrition has declined from 26% (1991) to 15% in 2014 (FAOSTAT, 2014). Underfive anthropometry reports from UNICEF/ WHO/World Bank reveals that prevalence of wasting is 20% and severe wasting is 7%. WHO has also reported presence of overweight (BMI ≥25) as 11% & obesity (BMI ≥30) as 2% (combined 13%) among adults. Adding 13% of overnutrition to 15% malnutrition in 2014, exceeds 26% of undernutrition existing 25 years back. Thus, gains achieved are neutralised with overall prevalence of malnutrition remains same. Now, 34%, 11% and 30% of population in India are affected by high blood pressure, blood sugar level and blood cholesterol levels, respectively. Thus, there is need to understand the health challenges posed by both under and overnutrition and the meaning of “Malnutrition” must be refined, nutrition related programmes & policies of the government must be developed to meet the challenge of malnutrition.

Biography:

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Researchers all over the world are exploring herbal supplements to control diabetes and its complications. This study evaluated the antidiabetic action of Morus alba leaves extract through its effect on hyperglycaemia, DNA damage and apoptosis of brain cells due to oxidative stress in diabetes. Moreover, evaluate the effect of diabetes on neurotransmitters levels of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Application of crude water extract of Morus alba resulted in amelioration of the alterations of serum glucose as well as neurotransmitters including acetylcholine (ACE), nor-adrenaline (NAD), serotonin (S-HT), histamine (HS), dopamine (DA) and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA). Furthermore, Morus alba leaves leaf extract display hypoglycemic effect, diminish DNA damage and apoptosis of brain cells of diabetic rats. In conclusion ,our results suggest that The protective effect of Morus alba leaves extract could be attributed to the hypoglycaemic, and antioxidative potential of flavonoids, the major components of the plant extract. Keywords:Morus alba,ACE,NAD,DA,GABA

Biography:

Saad Rashed AlQasem is a 6th year medical student at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. During his medical study, he participated in different activities such as joining many volunteer groups and organized many campaigns and conferences. He got multiple prizes in the field of Health Science Research and Community Services at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. He successfully published a research in PubMed titled "Prevalence of Wheat Allergy in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia". He is now working on publishing his new research under the topic "A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship among Energy Drinks Consumption, Smoking and Academic Performance among Male Health Science Students". Recently, he finished his training in Reproductive Medicine at Cleveland Clinic, US.

Abstract:

Aims: The main aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence, attitude and magnitude of consumption of energy drinks among health science students, to establish the relationship between consumption of energy drinks and smoking and to determine the relationship between energy drinks consumption and the students’ perceptions about their academic performance. Methodology: A cross-sectional study has been conducted, including 521 male health science college students in Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University throughout the period of September 20th to December 20th, 2014. A validated, confidential, self-administered questionnaire including questions designed to estimate the prevalence, attitude and magnitude of consumption of energy drinks was used for data collection. Results: Among 521 male students, who participated in this study, 199 students were consuming energy drinks (38.2%). Students consumed energy drinks for many reasons, mostly they like the taste (59.8%). (50.3%) and (39.2%) perceive energy drinks to increase alertness and academic performance, respectively. More than half of participants not manifest any side effect after consumption, and digestive tract upset was reported as the most frequent side effects. Conclusion: Energy drinks consumption is a common behaviour among male health science students. Heavy consumption of energy drinks can have some adverse effects including digestive tract upsets. Participants perceive energy drinks to increase their alertness and academic performance. However, people who consume these drinks are more likely to be alert compared to those who do not.

Biography:

Ali Suliman Al-Gonaim is from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He is currently a 6th year medical student in Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. Since joining the medical school, he was the leader of his class. During his 6-years study in college of medicine he participated in many community services and awareness campaigns in his city. He is now working on publishing his new research under the topic " A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship among Energy Drinks Consumption, Smoking and Academic Performance among Male Health Science Students". This year he was nominated to be the Chief of the Student Council. During his free time, he likes to read about new technology, watch movies, and travel.

Abstract:

Background: Wheat allergy has been suggested as one important allergic disease in urban and rural areas. Methods: In this study, total IgE were measured from 15 cases using Pharmacia CAP system IgE and Pharmacia CAP fluroroenzymeImmunoassay (FEIA). Specific IgE wew measured using PhadiaImmuno CAP 250 and Immuno CAP 1000 system. We also assessed the protein allergenicity by western blotting. Results: Significant elevation of total and specific IgE was found in 4 cases . Basophlia was also shown by blood film. Western blotting result showed a 2 bands as ( 20 ) and 60 KD. Conclusion: The result indicates that we have to take wheat allergy in account when discussing asthma and eczema in adult patient at Alkharj.

Biography:

Paolo Tessari is Full Professor of Medical Sciences at the Padova School of Medicine. He is specialized in Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases. He has a year-long experience in clinical and experimental research focused on protein and amino acid turnover in humans, using isotope dilution techniques. More recently he performed proteomic studies in cultured human fibroblasts. He teaches metabolic diseases, nutrition and health-promoting strategies at the University of Padova. He has published more than 120 papers in peer review journals.

Abstract:

The choice between vegetarian and animal diets is assumed to have a relevant environmental footprint, since that for crops production is usually considered several-fold lower than that for production of animal foods. However, an often neglected issue in these estimates is the nutritional value of the foods. Previous comparisons between vegetal and animal-based diets had been based on either food raw weight or caloric content, not in respect to human requirements. In this perspective, the content of essential amino acids (EAAs) is a key parameter in food quality assessment. Here we have re-evaluated the environmental footprint (expressed as land usage for production), of sample foods from either animal or vegetal sources, on the basis of their EAAs content vs. requirement for humans. Egg, milk, lean beef and pork meat, chicken, fish (seabass), soybeans, peas, wheat flour, quinoa and beans, were selected. Production of high-quality animal proteins, in amounts sufficient to match the requirement of the limiting EAA, require less, equal or only slightly more land, than that necessary to produce vegetal proteins, with the exception of soybeans, that still require the lowest land surface. This new analysis downsizes the common concept of a large advantage, in respect to environmental footprint, of crops vs. animal foods production, when human requirements of EAAs are taken as reference.

Biography:

Hina Usman is a graduate student and is doing her PhD from The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. She is working in the field of tumor metabolism. She is also interested in evaluating of the effects of nutrition and its association with hematoloical malignancies and also within healthy individuals. She is working on the future projects related to health and nutrition. She has published two papers (one research article and one review article) in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Previous studies appreciate the leukemia-associated alterations in plasma lipid profiles but fail to provide a consistent pattern of lipid anomalies in leukemia patients. These inconsistencies could be due to overlooking the effects of related confounding risk-factors and comorbidities. The plasma lipid profiles of acute-leukemia and control groups were compared. We observed that acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients display significantly higher triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins, whereas, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients display significantly lower high-density lipoproteins. To assess the confounding effects of related risk factors gender-, age- and BMI-based analyses were performed. We observed that the aforementioned significant differences in the lipid profiles of leukemia patients were restricted to female participants of the respective groups. Moreover, a significant decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels was observed only in male participants of the AML population. Various age-specific trends in plasma lipid profile of the leukemia patients were also observed. BMI-based analysis did not display many significant differences from the overall analyses. In addition to comparing the absolute values of plasma lipids in leukemia and control groups we also compared and observed significant differences in prevalence of various isolated- and mixed-dyslipidemias in these groups. These findings may help in outlining the prevalence and types of dyslipidemia in leukemia patients that may emerge as diagnostic/prognostic factors for the management of acute leukemia.

Biography:

The group of Neuropharmacology of Motivated Behavior is a credited Research Group of the Complutense University of Madrid, with a 20 year experience and more than 50 papers in international journals in different lines of research, including the role of the cannabinoid system in metabolic homeostasis and the development of new medications for obesity.

Abstract:

Obesity is currently considered a pandemic, worldwide, and finding ways to reduce its incidence has become a paramount objective of health-policies in many countries. Limiting the number of ingested calories is a strategy that has shown beneficial to reduce the prevalence of obesity. With this in mind, the use of artificial sweeteners is often advised in order to reduce the amount of ingested calories. Other studies would, however, pose caution on the use of artificial sweeteners, which would have been shown to be able to induce glucose intolerance, one of the landmarks of obesity and diabetes, in animal models and humans. Indeed, artificial sweeteners would, themselves, have been proposed as main contributors to the spread of obesity worldwide. But still, research is needed to clarify the role played by these compounds in the obesity problem. In menopausal women, obesity has been found to be an important risk factor for the development of postmenopausal breast cancer, and replacing caloric beverages with diet beverages, usually, artificially sweetened, continues to be a mainstream strategy in weight control in adult and perimenopausal women. Unfortunately, to date, little is known about the effects of artificial sweeteners on weight gain or metabolic control in menopausal women. For this reason, we decided to assess the possible impact of the common artificial sweetener, saccharin, in an animal model of menopause, namely, the ovarectomized mouse. To this end, we selected 12 female ovarectomized C57BL/6 mice and assessed their metabolic control with a glucose tolerance test. Then, they were offered a 0,1% saccharin in water solution at their homecages for 16 days, after what, the glucose tolerance test was repeated. We found significant differences (p<0.005 and p<0.05) in basal glucose levels of the animals, after the 16 hour fasting preceding the glucose tolerance test posterior to the 16d saccharin treatment, and these differences lasted for at least 45 days. Further studies should explore the importance of the observed alterations in the development of obesity and its possible role in human postmenopausal health.

Biography:

Doctor and research professor at the University Hassiba Benbouali Chlef (Algeria). The author is a member of the reading committee of INRAA review, the reaction member board of the journal Nature and Technology and member of the local National Bioresources laboratory. He presented several papers at international conferences and has published several articles in international journals

Abstract:

In Algeria, as in most developing countries, Red meats have become strategic resources. Despite, their increasing production they fail to satisfy an increasing demand caused by a demographic explosion, changes in dietary behavior of population in a constant urbanization and also because of their high prices that have become disincentives for a good part of the population. In this context the main goal of this research is to highlight the consumption of red meats in the Algerian society. In this study carried out in the laboratory of local and natural bio-resources at the University Hassiba Benbouali Chlef (Algeria), We used the statistical data from the Algerian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Centre for Informatics and Statistics and those from the Food and Agriculture Organization. The current availability of animal protein, from domestic production only, can be estimated at 28.4 g / person / day (310,000 tons). it allows to satisfy up to 86% compared to the requirements recommended by nutritionists 33 g / person / day (Chehat and Bir, 2008). Indeed, meat and offal availability are around 11 kg / person / year, this is mostly due to the growth of Algerian and to the reduced consumption of low-income population. Reaching the level of 33 g / person / day, would require that the local production reaches 513,000 tons, meaning an increase of 65.5% in less than two decades. The beef is preferably selected to sheep, because it does not reduce when cooked and allows to obtain more presentable dishes, especially in the wedding meal.. Thus, the consumption of beef, steaks with no bones and no fat, is considered as consumers practice.

Biography:

Miss Erica Weilan Wang completed her BSc degree in the School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Her PhD study is ongoing in the Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Her research interest is in the role of vitamin D in healthy ageing.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death globally, and an increasingly severe problem in Asia. Most CVD develops in older people, but the underlying processes leading to CVD begin earlier in life. Known CVD risk factors include elevated HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipids, uric acid and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Based on epidemiological studies, low vitamin D status is a potential emerging risk factor for CVD. OBJECTIVES: To investigate inter-relationship between vitamin D status and established CVD risk factors in apparently healthy young adults. METHOD: Fasting blood was collected from 173 young (18-26 years) healthy, consenting adults. Vitamin D status (assessed by plasma 25(OH)D concentration) was measured by LC-MS/MS, and CVD risk factors by established procedures. Correlational analysis (Spearman’s) was performed; biomarker differences across quartiles of plasma 25(OH)D were investigated using ANOVA. RESULTS: Mean(SD) 25(OH)D was 41.0(12.6)nmol/l, with range 15-84nmol/l. For the CVD risk biomarkers, mean(SD) results were: HbA1c, 5.34(0.69)%; FPG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and Tg (mmol/l), 5.26(0.44), 4.60(0.76), 1.50(0.30), 2.72(0.62), 0.83(0.34), respectively; uric acid, 322(75)μmol/l; hsCRP, 0.75(2.68)mg/l. Significant (p<0.05) correlation was seen only between 25(OH)D and uric acid. No significant differences (p>0.05) in biomarkers were seen across 25(OH)D quartiles. CONCLUSION: Results did not show a clear link between vitamin D status and CVD risk biomarkers in young adults. However, it is noted that overall vitamin D status of the subjects studied was poor, and only one subject had sufficient 25(OH)D (≥75nmol/l). Study involving low-status subjects supplemented with vitamin D is needed and is ongoing.

Biography:

M Vitale completed her Bachelor’s degree in Dietetics and a Master’s degree in Human Nutrition. Recently, she completed her PhD in Food and Nutrition Science at the “Federico II” University of Naples, Italy. Her research is focused on the evaluation of eating habits in the general population and in type 2 diabetic patients. In addition, she is involved in several clinical trials evaluating the effects of different diets on important clinical outcomes in subjects at high cardio-metabolic risk.

Abstract:

Recently, efforts have attempted to improve dietary habits in the workplace, by increasing the availability of healthy foods and promoting their selection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact on the composition of the habitual diet of a nutritional intervention, based on the promotion of food choices characteristic of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) in a worksite-canteen. A pilot intervention was performed on 750 employees of the Barilla Company (Italy), who consumed their lunch at the worksite-canteens daily. The canteen-staff involved in food preparation, underwent a nutritional education course with an experienced nutritionist. Afterwards, they were involved in the reformulation of the menus by including at least 2-3 healthy options every-day, actively promoted with panels, totems, table mats, handout leaflets and a specific logo. Habitual dietary habits were evaluated by a self-administered 24-hour recall at baseline, at the end of intervention and after 6-months. The analysis of the food-items selected day-by-day by the employees showed that the intake of wholegrain-cereals, legumes and white-meat increased at the end of intervention (+58%, +135%, +35%, respectively), while the intake of refined-cereals, red-meat and eggs, cheese, cold-cuts decreased (-10%, -16%, -28%, respectively). These findings were confirmed after 3rd and 6th month from the intervention (p<0.05). The analysis of 24-h-recalls showed several beneficial dietary changes, including an increase in dietary fiber (+5%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (+6%), and a decrease in saturated fatty acids (-4%) and added sugar consumption (-7%). These changes persisted up to 6-months after the intervention (p<0.05). The increased availability of healthy food options and their promotion at the worksite is able to improve the eating habits of the employees in the long term.

Biography:

Lorena Martin, PhD is an applied behavioral scientist, quantitative methodologist, and exercise physiologist at the University of California San Diego. She is also a graduate faculty member at Northwestern University and Visiting Scientist at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Her research focuses on the relationships among lifestyle behaviors, telomere length, stem cells, and Cancer. Her training and expertise is transdisciplinary; such that she has been able to integrate the above mentioned topics to produce a more inclusive hypothesis for future transdisciplinary research.

Abstract:

Obesity is currently a world epidemic and major public health concern. Health behaviors such as physical activity, eating healthy, and making healthy food choices have been evidenced to reduce obesity and weight. However, the problem is the lack of adherence to participating in physical activity, eating healthy, and making healthier food choices. Evaluative conditioning is a technique used to modify attitudes and behaviors by pairing a target object with either a positive or negative stimuli. For instance, pairing an unhealthy food product or unhealthy food behavior (binging) with a negative image, object, or emotional situation such as food poisoning (related to adverse health consequences) has been shown to influence behavior. Likewise, the pairing of a healthy food with a positive image or stimuli such as a reward (attractive object) may influence food choice behavior. Research has shown evaluative conditioning to be effective in decreasing and increasing behaviors such as smoking, racial prejudice, and consumer purchases. Although, evaluative conditioning has rarely been applied to public health, recent research has shown evaluative conditioning to have promise in health behaviors such as increasing exercise adherence as well as food choices.

Biography:

Tarfa Al Brahim has completed hes PhD on 2013 from King Saud University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia. She is Assistance Professor at Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Princess Noura Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA.

Abstract:

This study examined the effect of selenium (Se) or lycopene (Lyc) and their combination on oxidative stress in bone following cadmium (Cd) exposure in vivo. Cd exposure enhanced accumulation of Cd in femur with subsequent increase in LPO and PC and decreased antioxidative enzyme activities in rat femur, along with significant decreases in body and femur bone weights. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of Se or Lyc reduced Cd accumulation in bone and increased body and femur weights, when given individually or concomitantly. Antioxidant enzyme activities maintained and/or increased following Se and Lyc supplementation when given individually or concomitantly. However, lycopene dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight alone or selenium alone provided better protection to bone tissues of rats against oxidative stress compared to treatment with their combination. Selenium and lycopene could be used as a dietary supplement to protect against bone oxidative stress in areas exposed to Cd pollution

Biography:

Cagdas Salih MERIC has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics at the age of 23 years from Erciyes University. He is still going on her Master’s Degree of Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University. Also, he is a research assistant at the same university. Some ongoing researches, projects is carried out.

Abstract:

Nutritional status is an important factor in chidren diseases and treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate nutritional status in children admitted to neurology, endocrine and oncology service in children’s hospital. The study included 80 children who were hospitalized, between the dates of February and November 2014, at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cebeci Children Hospital. Children's height, weight, triceps skinfold thickness (TST), biceps skinfold thickness (BST), waist circumference, arm span, calf circumference, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), measured and applying nutritional status were evaluated. Mean of children’s and their mother’s age are respectively 9.2±4.5, 35.0±5.7 years. In the study, 80 children from the 23.8% (n=19) neurology, 23.8% (n=19) in the endocrine and 52.5% (n=42) were diagnosed with oncological diseases. Epilepsy (8.8%), diabetes (%8.8) and chronic myeloid leukemis (CML) (37.5%) are respectively the most common neurological, endocrine and oncological diseases. Body weight, height, BMI and TST of children under 5. percentile, respectively, 25.0%, 20.0%, 26.2% and 11.2%. Despite being different body weight, height, BMI percentile and TST value of the distribution based on neurological, endocrine, and oncology diagnosis of children, these differences were statistically significant only TST. (p<0.05). When we look at the children's appetite; 56.2% of (n=45) were good, 28.8% (n=23) were poor, 15.0% (n=12) seems to be no appetite.The knowledge about nutrition of children and their families, arranging their children's eating habits with chronic illnesses and must be strictly followed. More detailed studies should be performed on hospitalized children and nutrition issues.

Biography:

Alberto has completed his PhD at the University of Lausanne in Health Economics after finishing a master degree in Science of Economics also at the University of Lausanne and a Bachelor in Economics at the University of Guanajuato in Mexico. Previously working at Nestle Research Center, Alberto has collaborated as external consultant with the World Bank and the Food and Agriculture Organization. Additionally, Programme Officer in Global Alliance for Vaccination and Immunization (GAVI) and the Global Fund. Alberto is originally from Mexico and back there he has worked as a junior legislative advisor at the National Deputy Chamber.

Abstract:

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has severe health and economic consequences due to their impact on physical activity, cognitive development and depressed labor productivity. The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition has endorsed iron fortification of condiments as it has been identified as a promising vehicle to reduce IDA due to their high levels of penetration throughout different socio-economic groups. Our objective is to assess the contribution of iron fortified condiments on the reduction of the burden of IDA in Côte D’Ivoire. We build an incidence-prevalence-mortality (IPM) model to estimate the burden of IDA in Côte D’Ivoire. The population was split into three age-groups (preschool-age children, school-age children and adults) and 10 socioeconomic clusters. The study linked the health consequences of IDA to cognitive deficits, lower school achievements and reduced productivity at work. The impact of fortified condiments was assessed by estimating the cost of illness before and after the hemoglobin levels of consumers were adjusted for the fortification effect. The total annual cost of IDA in the Ivorian population from 1 to 65 years of age was estimated at 304 thousand DALYs and over 900 million purchasing power parity (PPP) dollars. The impact of condiments was estimated to reduce the total burden of disease by 21.3 thousand DALYs (7%) and 61 million PPP USD (6%) related to production losses. Iron fortified condiments have a significant impact to reduce the burden of IDA, and can be an impactful element of fortification policies to reduce the burden of iron deficiency anemia.

Biography:

Jara Pérez-Jiménez completed her PhD in 2007. She has worked in several research centers and universities in Spain and France focused on the study of food bioactive compounds, in particular polyphenols, using a multidisciplinary approach. These research activities have given place to more than 45 papers in international scientific journals (>1,600 citations, h-index: 21), as well as to more than 50 works presented in scientific meetings and invited conferences in different universities. She is a member of the Editorial Board of Food Research International, as well as Academic Editor of PeerJ.

Abstract:

Epidemiological and clinical studies show that diets with a high antioxidant capacity (AC) reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases or certain kinds of cancer. However, these studies focus exclusively on low molecular weight or soluble antioxidants (vitamins C and E, phenolic compounds and carotenoids), ignoring macromolecular antioxidants. These are polymeric phenolic compounds or polyphenols and carotenoids linked to plant food macromolecules that yield bio-available metabolites by the action of the micro-biota, with beneficial effects either local and/or systemic after absorption. The aim of this work was to estimate the AC of a whole diet -the Spanish Mediterranean Diet (MD) considering for the first time both soluble and macromolecular antioxidants. Plant food and beverage consumptions in the Spanish diet were based on national 2013 data obtained from 12,000 daily household spending questionnaires. From this, 54 food and beverages were selected and soluble and macromolecular antioxidants were obtained. Antioxidant capacity was measured in both fractions by two complementary methods and expressed in Trolox equivalents- the standard units for AC. From these data, it was obtained that total AC of the Spanish MD was 8,000 µmol Trolox/p/day with the 61% provided by macromolecular antioxidants. Therefore, the first determination of AC in a diet (Spanish MD) including macromolecular antioxidants shows that these commonly ignored compounds are major contributors to total AC. Including macromolecular antioxidants in mechanistic, intervention and observational studies on dietary antioxidants may contribute to a better understanding of the role of antioxidants in nutrition and health.

Biography:

Kashef N Zayed has earned his PhD from Bucharest University in 1996. He worked at the University of Jordan and Al-Salt College for Teachers in Jordan before he joined Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) in 1990. He served as a head of the Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, SQU through 2007 to 2011. He is an international affiliate of American Psychological Association (APA) and International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP). Dr Zayed published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and in international conferences proceedings. Currently, he is an associate Professor at the Department of Physical Education, SQU.

Abstract:

Sedentary behavior and unhealthy nutritional patterns represent main risk factors of the prevalence of overweight, diabetes type-2 and other non-communicable diseases in modern human societies (Proper, et. al, 2011). Sedentary behavior refers to any kind of waking physical activity such as sitting or lying down, TV viewing, computer work, playing digital games, and reading that lead to the expenditure approximately around 1.5 Metabolic Equivalents of Task (MET) per hour (Pate, et. al., 2008). Recent research indicated that people spend in sedentary behavior more than half of their time during waking (Matthews, et. al., 2008) In this study, we aimed to explore the prevalence of overweight, body fat, and explore the nature of relationship between them and unhealthy nutritional patterns and lack of physical activity among adolescents in Oman. To achieve the goals of this study, Arab Teenage Lifestyle Questionnaire (ATLS) which assesses physical activity, sedentary behavior, and nutritional patterns, has been administered on a sample consisted of (855) adolescents (gender: 413 males and 442 females; ages: m =17.2; sd. 1.3). Body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat were also measured using body composition analyzer device (TANITA). The results revealed that 23.8% of the participants were overweight (including obesity), while 20.7% of them where underweight. The results also explored that there were a link between sedentary behavior, overweight, and body fat. Descriptive statistics showed that there were a prevalence of unhealthy nutritional patterns among the teens which may lead to increase the risk factors of acquiring type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors. These results are alarming and require a need to work on attitudes/behavioral modification through raising the nutritional awareness among teens and their families, as well as through the intensification of interest in school physical education and sports activities.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Despite the importance of the postnatal consultation, in Morocco, only 22% of women attended these consultations, even if they are provided without charge by the public health centers. The aim of this study is to identify associated factors with these consultations and offer suggestions to improve their use. Methods: A sample of women in reproductive age (15-49) giving birth during the year preceding the survey was enrolled. During the study period (January-October 2014), they were examined in the public health centers for postnatal consultation or for the BCG, A descriptive and analytic cross-sectional survey was conducted. The cluster random sampling was used to select six health centers from the list of these centers. 172 women were included from the patients examined in each selected health centre, giving a total of 1,029 women. All participants provided consent before participating in the survey. The information was collected anonymously and confidentially. A pretested questionnaire makes it possible to collect information about sociodemographic, knowledge and perception of women regarding these consultations. To estimate the observed differences Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. The multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with the postnatal consultation. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and SPSS Software (version 10.1) was used for all statistical analysis. Results: The proportion of women who attended a postnatal consultation was 30.1%.Lack of information (87%), lack of complications (68.6%), health professional poor reception (42%) and financial difficulties (3.3%) were the main reasons that hinder these consultations. Also, women of rural origin, low education level, and low socioeconomic status are important determinants associated with non-use of postnatal consultation. Conclusion: This study confirmed the low rate of these consultations. Various determinants explain this fact. We believe that the fight against illiteracy, improving household living standards, sensitization of women on the importance of postpartum care, awareness and capacity building of health professionals in the postnatal consultation and communication, and the development of a system of home. Keywords: Determinants, postnatal consultation use, Morocco, women

Biography:

Umus OZBEY has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics at the age of 22 years from Ankara University. She is still going on her Master’s Degree of Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University. Also, she is a research assistant at the same university. Some ongoing researches, projects is carried out.

Abstract:

Obesity is a major public health issue in developed and developing countries. It is clear that obesity is related to lots of chronical disease. This research aims at examining the effect of body weight on work performance for working women. Data is collected from 481 women working in public and private foundations, between the age of 18-54 years via questionnaire forms. In forms, anthropometric measurements (height, weight), general information, body perception, work satisfaction and work performance evaluation is included. To specify work performance 34 figure likert scale is used. If the scale points go up, work performance decrease. Mean working time 10.16 years. According to BMI (Body Mass Index) evaluation, even though the rate of overweight and obese women are %39.3, the rate of women not been pleased with their body weight and want to lose weight is %61.1. Women being overweight and obese don’t like working environment are %41.5. BMI associated with work stress and body perception. Total points of overweight and obese women are higher than normal weight and underweight women (p = .000). The results shows that obesity not only causes chronical diseases but also effects the quality of life. The increase in BMI results in both the decrease of work performance and increase of work stress. Further researches in preventing obesity improve both the quality of life and national economy while decreasing the health problems.

Biography:

Edite Teixeira de Lemos received her PhD. in Biomedical Sciences from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra; Portugal in 2008. At present she is a senior Professor at the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu and the director of postgraduated course of Nutrition and Food Quality. More recently, she was elected chair of the Scientific Council of ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu. She also integrates the CI&DETS Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu. She has co-authored over 60 papers, including review articles and textbook chapters. She is also a Reviewer/Co-reviewer of scientific papers in several international journals.

Abstract:

For many people, the need for regular physical exercise and a reduced-energy diet, coupled with the need for constant avoidance of tempting, tasty energy-rich foods just seems too difficult. Therefore, over-the-counter (OTC) dietary slimming aids that promise easy weight loss and claim to be “Safe and natural” are a very attractive proposition. There is a huge and complex variety of OTC weight control products available in the market. The ingredients of these products are thought to act by either one or more of the following mechanisms: increasing satiety; decreasing absorption and increasing fat oxidation, increasing metabolic rate, or reducing lipogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the consumption habits of dietary supplements for losing weight in a Portuguese population living in the centre of Portugal. We will assess the main diseases and chronic medication and we will try to demonstrate the putative interactions between most consumed ingredients and medication. The risk for dietary supplement-drug interaction is the highest in patients with chronic conditions. However, according to our study, less than one-third of adults who use weight-loss dietary supplements discuss their use with their doctor or other health care professionals. In conclusion, people who are considering using weight-loss supplements should talk with their health care provider to discuss these products’ potential benefits and risks. This is especially important for those who have chronic conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Unintended pregnancies constitute a most serious public health challenge to women to an extent that they end sometimes in illegal abortions resulting in adverse consequences. However the introduction of emergency contraception has served as the last chance for women to avoid unintended pregnancies, though in countries like Zimbabwe the cause for underutilisation of emergency contraception has been hardly investigated. Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of female student regarding emergency contraception among in preventing unintended pregnancy. Methodology: A quantitative approach using descriptive cross sectional survey design was conducted among 319 stratified random sampled female university students of Midland State University, Zimbabwe. Self-administered closed ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. To ensure validity, the development of the instrument was guided by a wide range of literature and the inputs of experts. The instrument was test-retested for reliability and the responses will be comparing using Cronbach’s alpha which yielded high reliability alpha (α) value of 0.84. Data was coded and entered into a computer using Microsoft Excel 2010 and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 22.0. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data in the form of cross tabulation and the results were presented in table, graphs and pie charts. Results: The results indicated that apart from all sources of information about EC, mass media has shown to be the most famous. Although female students knows about EC, the knowledge about effective level and correct use of EC poor. The attitudes of female students at MSU are unfavourable for EC as they gave reasons like EC promotes promiscuity and it can pose risk. The practice of EC at MSU is low with only 47% of respondents said they have once use EC. Conclusion and recommendation: The study concluded the lack of actual knowledge about EC which has directly influence attitudes and practices. The study concluded that that there MSU female students has fair knowledge about EC which has resulted in negative and attitudes towards EC with few EC practices. The study therefore recommends the adoption and use of Health Belief Model approach in promoting the young to use EC to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Key words (emergency contraception, knowledge, attitude, practice, female students)

Biography:

Amany K. Ibrahim has completed her PhD at the age of 32 years from University of Mississippi, USA/ SCU, Faculty of Pharmacy. She is the head of the Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University. She has published more than 23 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a peer- reviewer for reputed journals at her field.

Abstract:

Pain is the most common symptom in many medical conditions and has a significant impact on productivity and quality of life. Naturally occurring opiates and their synthetic analogues represent the most potent analgesics to date. Opioid ligands are also useful in the management of various types of addiction. The action of opioid agents is mediated by opioid receptors. Unfortunately, binding to these receptors also results in some undesirable side effects, such as respiratory depression, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and sedation. Therefore, there is still a need to search for safer and more efficacious opioid agents. The aim of this study was to investigate extracts of plants growing in Egypt for potential opioid receptor affinity in order to isolate compounds possessing opioid receptor modulator activity. We investigated the binding affinity of 20 Egyptian plant extracts towards opioid receptors. Phagnalon rupestre F. Asteraceae showed promising activity (more than 50% receptors affinity) and was chosen for further investigation. The methanolic extract of this plant was fractionated using solvents of different polarities to obtain five fractions. The fractions were tested in vitro to determine their binding affinity towards opioid and cannabinoid receptors. The active fractions were subjected to various chromatographic separation procedures to obtain pure compounds. Several compounds were isolated and spectroscopically identified from the fraction (20% Ethyl acetate/ Hexane). However, the activity of the isolated compounds was less than that of the plant extract.

Biography:

Prof. Safwat A. Ahmed has completed his PhD at the age of 30 years from Suez Canal University, Faculty of Pharmacy. He is the Vice dean for Students Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a peer- reviewer for reputed journals at his field.

Abstract:

Actinomycetes are prolific producers of bioactive natural products. Xanthone natural products are fluorescent dyes that are widely distributed among plants and microorganisms. They have been used in food, cosmetics, and textile industries as coloring agents. Moreover, they exhibit a wide array of bioactivities including antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, antituberculosis and cytotoxic activities. Their antibacterial action was found to be through induction of photoinactivation of bacteria via formation of reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, which oxidize biological molecules including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, leading to cell death. Microluside A [4 (19-para-hydroxybenzoyloxy-O-b-D-cellobiosyl),5(30-para-hydroxybenzoyloxy-O-b-Dglucopyranosyl) xanthone is a unique O-glycosylated disubstituted xanthone isolated from the broth culture of Micrococcus sp. EG45 cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda. The structure of microluside A was determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity evaluation showed that 1 exhibited antibacterial potential against Enterococcus faecalis JH212 and Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325 with MIC values of 10 and 13 lM, respectively. This is the first report for xanthone derivatives from Micrococcus sp. which introduces this microraganism as a new source for vital antimicrobial agents espescificaly the reluctant enterobacteriacea.

Biography:

Mustafa Ozgur graduated from Erciyes University in 2014 and is a Research Assistant in Nutrition and Dietetics Departmant of Ankara University. At same time, he is doing his Master’s in Nutrition and Dietetics.

Abstract:

In this study, it was aimed to determine university students’ attitudes towards food addititives. This study was made on randomly selected 450 voluteered students studying in the faculties of Ankara University (Faculty of Pharmacy, Political Sciences and Science). Data were collected with questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised general information and questions to determine, students' attitudes about food additives. The data obtained from the survey results were analyzed using SPSS software. 46.0% of students were male while 54.0% of female. The mean age of students was 21.7±2.05 years. Considering of students’ concerns about the use of food additives, the majority of students (43.3%) thought that food additives were harmful effect on health. In the use of food additives in order to use visual deception were those who thought that it was 16%. It was found that 40.9% of students thought that legal control of food additives was not enough and 40.2% thought that they can cause cancer, 36.9% of students thought that if food addititives weren’t used, foods will be healthier. The majority of (49.6%) students thought that food addititives was not used in accordance to the law. According to the results, it can be said that students has negative attitudes towards food additives. It is great that food additives has a role of nutritional requirments of the growing world population when properly used. It was concluded that students need more information about food addititives and at the same time nutrition education should be given in all sections for longer periods.

Biography:

Riadh ALLANI is Associate Professor in Preventive and Community Medicine at Faculty of Medicine of Tunis since 2013 and Researcher in Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Laboratory - (CAVEPLA) - Tunisia since 2007. He is Head of Department of Hygiene and Environmental Protection at the Military Health Service (2014). He has been deployed several times in humanitarian missions in Tunisia and in overseas (Somalia UNOSOM 1993, Albania Kosovo crisis 1999, Algeria Boumerdes earthquake 2003). Followed the Army Medical Department Officer Advanced Course (2002), Texas – USA. Several publications in humanitarian field and on cardiovascular risk factors in Tunisia and military environment.

Abstract:

Tunisia shows up lifestyle mutations with demographic, nutritional and epidemiological transition marked by the increase of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which becoming the leading cause of death. This study aimed to identify the epidemiological profile of patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Tunisian Epidemiological Study on ACS "TEPS-ACS 2009-2010" was the data source of our research. It was a prospective multicenter inpatient study including 1178 patients admitted for ACS in cardiology units in Tunis District centers during the period from July 2009 to June 2010. Data was analyzed using Version 11.5 SPSS software. Results were expressed as percentage for categorical variables. Comparisons of proportions were made by the chi-square test and those averages by Student t test and ANOVA. Patients were predominantly male (sex ratio = 2.57), illiterate in 70% and with a mean age of 61 ± 12 years. ACS was mainly observed from 45 year old in men and decreased from 65 year old. This distribution appears later in women with a delay of ten years (p<0.0001). Family previous ACS (24.9%) and stroke (9.6%). Personal previous ischemic heart diseases; angina (27.4%), myocardial infarction (14.2%) and a stroke (9.1%). Coronary risk factors (CRF) were dominated by tobacco (64.6%), hypertension (47.6%), diabetes (42.8%), dyslipidemia (27.5%) and obesity (19.9 %). Despite the absence of any known CRF, 14.2% developed an ACS. However 25.4% had three CRF. Prevalence of modifiable risk factors exhibits an increasing trend among ACS patients. The measures within the scope of primordial and primary prevention reduce the CRF.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Neonatal mortality is a global challenge, and Nigeria continues to bear the greatest burden in Africa. Therefore identification of individual and community determinants associated with it are important for targeted interventions. However in most developing countries including Nigeria this problem has not been adequately investigated as the impact of proximate factors remains undetermined despite their significant influence on neonatal mortality and morbidity. Methods and findings Neonatal death of all live born infants between 2008-2013 was extracted from the NDHS survey data, that made use of a multi-stage cluster sampling design, mortality information of the 1189 neonates was obtained and analyzed. First, neonatal mortality rates by individual and community level factors was determined , chi-square test was used to test the association of social, economic and demographic characteristics of mothers with the experience of neonatal death. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was used to estimate the relative association of factors that influence neonatal mortality after excluding variables that were not significant at the bivariate level. The results showed both individual and community characteristics to be associated with neonatal mortality. The mean age of the mothers was 29±7years. female neonates(OR= 0.74 CI:0.64–0.84), neonates that were breastfed (OR=0.39,CI:0.33-0.45), neonates that were adequately spaced (OR= 0.56, CI:0.46-0.68)and of a higher birth order (OR=0.61, CI=0.46-0.82)had a higher probability of surviving the neonatal period. In contrast, neonates delivered through caesarean section (OR=1.81, CI=0.10-2.7)and delivered by non-professionals (OR=1.40,CI:1.07-1.82 )were more likely to die during the neonatal period. Adequate utilization of antenatal and postnatal health care services reduced the likelihood of neonatal mortality. Residing in a rural area with high socioeconomic deprivation was associated with neonatal mortality (OR=1.29 ,CI 1.10-1.52). Conclusion: Both individual and community characteristics showed a significant impact on neonatal survival. Implementation of community-based interventions targeting basic education, poverty alleviation, women empowerment and an increased focus on the continuum-of-care approach in health care service will improve neonatal survival. Keywords: Neonatal mortality, Individual factors, Community factors, Multivariate analysis, Nigeria, NDHS,2013.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Significant numbers of childhood deaths are occurring due to trauma with the high percentage of injuries within the home environment. More than 95% of all injury deaths in children occur in low-income and middle-income countries. The object was to describe injury patterns and outcomes for pediatric injuries resulting from TV/TV trolley and other tip-overs in Karachi, Pakistan Methods: We reviewed pediatric (<16 years) injuries struck by falling objects/TV/TV trolley retrospectively from January 2010 to December 2014. The patient medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, and event details. Parental telephonic interviews were also taken of the injured children to collect information about the injury scene and other factors that may inform prevention efforts. Results: From 2010-2014, 53 patients were visited DEM-AKUH following by TV trolley or other falling object injuries. ------- of the victim were males giving a male female ratio of--------. The mean age of children was (n=, %). (n=, %) were dead on arrival, (n=, %) were shifted to ward, (n=, %) were sent to home. Lower limb was the most common body area injured (n=, %) followed by upper limb (n=60, 18.5%) and head (n=34, 10.5%). More than half of the patients required surgical procedures (n=165, 50.77%), 33.8% (n=110) had simple dressing, 40.9% (n=133) had wound debridement and 15.96% (n=51) had laceration repair.

Biography:

Riadh ALLANI is Associate Professor in Preventive and Community Medicine at Faculty of Medicine of Tunis since 2013 and Researcher in Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Laboratory - (CAVEPLA) - Tunisia since 2007. He is Head of Department of Hygiene and Environmental Protection at the Military Health Service (2014). He has been deployed several times in humanitarian missions in Tunisia and in overseas (Somalia UNOSOM 1993, Albania Kosovo crisis 1999, Algeria Boumerdes earthquake 2003). Followed the Army Medical Department Officer Advanced Course (2002), Texas – USA. Several publications in humanitarian field and on cardiovascular risk factors in Tunisia and military environment.

Abstract:

Obesity become a public health problem in Tunisia. It is an important determinant of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is related to the epidemiological, nutrition and demographic transitions. This paper aims to Study the behavior of obese subjects and to evaluate their knowledge on obesity. "For a healthy urbanization in Ariana city" was the data source for this study. It was a cross-sectional survey conducted among a cohort of 1,326 individuals aged 18 and older, residing in Ariana in 2009. For each subject, an inquiry was prepared. The comparison of percentages was performed using chi square and those averages by Student’s test and analysis of variance. The significance level was set at 5%. In our population, 84% considered that the reduction of salts and sugars in the diet allows the preservation of health. 93% of the responders knew the association obesity - diabetes. 94% of the subjects were aware of the possible relations between obesity and CVD, the ability to prevent obesity and CVD by changing the life style. 88% of the population knew about the possible relationship between lack of physical activity and obesity. This proportion significantly varied according to age (p = 0.009), and education (p = 0.013). 65% of subjects knew that "alcohol is harmful for the health". This proportion was significantly higher among the population aged over 50 years (p = 0.036). These results underlines the need for multidisciplinary care, and most importantly, the priority will be to implement prevention strategies involving the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Biography:

Riadh ALLANI is Associate Professor in Preventive and Community Medicine at Faculty of Medicine of Tunis since 2013 and Researcher in Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Laboratory - (CAVEPLA) - Tunisia since 2007. He is Head of Department of Hygiene and Environmental Protection at the Military Health Service (2014). He has been deployed several times in humanitarian missions in Tunisia and in overseas (Somalia UNOSOM 1993, Albania Kosovo crisis 1999, Algeria Boumerdes earthquake 2003). Followed the Army Medical Department Officer Advanced Course (2002), Texas – USA. Several publications in humanitarian field and on cardiovascular risk factors in Tunisia and military environment.

Abstract:

Detailed knowledge of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) complications and their risk factors can help clinicians in making an early diagnosis. The aim of this paper was to analyze evolutionary and prognosis characteristics of this syndrome based on diagnostic classes. Tunisian Epidemiological Study on ACS "TEPS-ACS 2009-2010" was the data source of our research. It was a prospective multicenter inpatient study including 1178 patients admitted for ACS in cardiology units in Tunis District centers during the period from July 2009 to June 2010. Data was analyzed using Version 11.5 SPSS software. Results were expressed as percentage for categorical variables. Proportions' comparisons were made by chi-square test and those averages by Student t test and ANOVA. ACS patients were predominantly male (sex ratio = 2.57), with an age mean of 61 ± 12 years. They were distributed into three diagnostic classes, ST+ (48.8%), ST-TR+ (33.3%) and ST-TR- (17.9%). ST+ class was more frequent in less than 45 year old, men (53%) and current smoking (49.2%). Short-term complications were observed in 24.7% of patients with significantly higher frequency in ST+ (34.2%, p <0.001). They were dominated by heart failure (42.7%), hemodynamic complications (32.2%), conduction disorders (26.6%), necrosis recurrences (26.4%) and arrhythmias (22.5%) but no any significant difference between classes. Short-term mortality (first five days) was 3.9% and significantly higher for ST+ (6.6% against 1.6% and 1% in ST-TR+ and TR-ST-, p <0.001). Early diagnosis and appropriate management improve the prognosis of this disease which remains a leading cause of death in Tunisia.

Biography:

Riadh ALLANI is Associate Professor in Preventive and Community Medicine at Faculty of Medicine of Tunis since 2013 and Researcher in Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Laboratory - (CAVEPLA) - Tunisia since 2007. He is Head of Department of Hygiene and Environmental Protection at the Military Health Service (2014). He has been deployed several times in humanitarian missions in Tunisia and in overseas (Somalia UNOSOM 1993, Albania Kosovo crisis 1999, Algeria Boumerdes earthquake 2003). Followed the Army Medical Department Officer Advanced Course (2002), Texas – USA. Several publications in humanitarian field and on cardiovascular risk factors in Tunisia and military environment.

Abstract:

Obesity is a determinant of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is associated to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as reduced life expectancy. Data related to socioeconomic determinants of obesity in Tunisia remains scarce. This paper aims to estimate the obesity and abdominal obesity prevalence in Ariana in 2009 and to analyze their evolution in terms of socio-economic parameters. "For a healthy urbanization in Ariana city" was the data source for this study. It was a cross-sectional survey conducted among a cohort of 1,326 individuals aged 18 and older, residing in Ariana in 2009. For each subject, an inquiry was prepared. The comparison of percentages was performed using chi square and those averages by Student’s test and analysis of variance. The significance level was set at 5%. Obesity prevalence was 24.2%. It was 27.5% in women against 17.2% in men and increased with age up to 65 years in both gender (39.9% against 32.7% in men). It evolved inversely to the improvement (inactive: 26.3%). It was more pronounced among non-smokers (28.3%), non-alcohol drinkers (25.3%), hypertension (45.5%) and hyperlipidemia (42.1%). Abdominal obesity prevalence was 48.4% and ranged in the same direction as overall obesity based on factors studied. It was more marked in diabetic patients. People considering themselves thin or normal weight, had central obesity in respectively, 9.3 and 24.2%. The prevalence of obesity in Ariana remains high; this underlines the need for multidisciplinary care. Priority will be to implement prevention strategies involving the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Biography:

Resign Gunda is a PhD student at University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Nursing and Public Health. His main research interests are in tropical disease with a main focus on malaria.

Abstract:

Malaria poses a significant threat to public health in Zimbabwe and is one of the highest contributors to morbidity and mortality in the country. However, very little is known about the burden of malaria in areas affected by the disease. The disability adjusted life year (DALY) metric was used to determine the burden of malaria in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe. This study provides a better understanding of the impact of disease burden on affected populations. Data for determination of DALYs for malaria was collected from health facility malaria registers and from the District Health Information System to estimate DALYs at household and district levels respectively. The household DALYs included malaria cases for 2013-2015 (n=130) while the DALYs for the district included confirmed cases from 2011-2015 (n=719). DALYs were calculated based on the methodology described in the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study. Malaria imposes a substantial disease burden on affected communities despite a general decrease in the national incidence rates. Households lost a total of 153.89 DALYs with the majority of the disease burden (65.55%) occurring in the most economically productive age group (15-45 years) with a mean loss of 1.18 DALYs per malaria case. At district level, 251.09 DALYs were lost due to malaria and the calculated average district DALY rate for 2011-2015 was 36.29 DALYs /100 000 persons/year. It is important to estimate this burden to assist policy makers in channelling resources to enable interventions that will assist in reducing it.

Biography:

Miss Erica Weilan Wang completed her BSc degree in the School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Her PhD study is ongoing in the Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Her research interest is in the role of vitamin D in healthy ageing.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence points to a role for vitamin D in modulating risk of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia, and cancer. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is reported to be high in many parts of the world, even in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Currently, we lack data on vitamin D status of young, healthy adults in Hong Kong, a modern and cosmopolitan city that lies 22oN. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the vitamin D status (assessed by plasma 25(OH)D concentration) of apparently healthy young adults in Hong Kong in order to determine prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency (defined here as plasma 25(OH)D)<50 and <75nmol/l, respectively) in this group, and to generate a database for examining inter-relationships between vitamin D status and health status in young people, with focus on early biochemical (biomarker) changes that may increase risk of NCDs in later life. METHOD: Fasting plasma 25(OH)D concentrations of 173 volunteers (57 men, 116 women) aged 18-26 years were measured by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS:Mean(SD) plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were: 41.0(12.6)nmol/l, with range, 15.7-84.3; 75% (130/173) had levels <50nmol/l; 13/173 (7.5%) were severely deficient (<25nmol/l). Only one subject had plasma 25(OH)D concentration ≥75nmol/l, the suggested threshold of sufficiency. Men had higher (p<0.05) 25(OH)D: mean(SD) of 44.1(13.3) compared to 39.5(12.0)nmol/l in women. CONCLUSION: Overall, >99% of the 173 healthy young adults studied had insufficient vitamin D. Results highlight an issue of public health concern due to the growing body of evidence that supports a role for vitamin D modulating NCD risk.

Biography:

Rajaa Al-Raddadi has an MD degree then completed her Board certification in Community Medicine in 2004 from Postgraduate center for family and Community Medicine, Diploma in clinical research from institute of clinical research, UK and Master in Medical Education from King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. She is a staff member at Postgraduate center for family and community Medicine, Vice president for the Saudi Epidemiology Association, and board member in Evidence Based Health Care Society. She is a member in the scientific committee for community medicine at Saudi Commission for Health specialty. She has published 30 papers in several journals and has been serving as a reviewer in six journals. She participated in the development of five Saudi clinical practice guidelines.

Abstract:

Prevention of osteoporosis begins in childhood and adolescence as 90 to 95% of an adult’s bone mineral being achieved by the end of adolescence. Several risk factors influence bone health including low consumption of dairy products, physical inactivity, low level of sun exposure, smoking, excessive consumption of soft drinks and caffeine and vitamin D deficiency. Targeting modifiable behaviors have an important effect for the attainment of adequate peak bone mass and future fracture risk. The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the behaviors affecting bone health and vitamin D status and to identify the factors associated with Vitamin D deficiency amongst Saudi adolescent females. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the secondary schools in Jeddah City on a randomly selected 412 adolescent females. A predesigned questionnaire was used for data collection, Anthropometric measurement were measured and blood sample was also collected to measure vitamin D and iPTH. Chi square and ANOVA were used to identify the association between vitamin D status and the independent variables. Results: The mean (SD) of age was 17.2 (1.2). Reported consumption of two or more serving of dairy products per day was 11.2%. About 70% drink soft drink regularly, 13.9% perform the recommended exercise per week and 10% expose to sun. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 67.5% .There were no significant association between sociodemographic characteristics, dairy products, coffee, tea intake, anthropometric measurements and calcium and vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D status. Only iPTH was significantly associated with vitamin D status. The mean iPTH was significantly higher among adolescents with vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: This study indicates that Saudi female adolescents at significant risk of developing osteoporosis based on the prevalence of risky behaviors include low consumption of dairy products, high consumption of soft drink, low exercise level, low sun exposure and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.

Biography:

Hassan Rashid Ali is affiliated from The State University of Zanzibar, Tanzania

Abstract:

Diuron, [N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-urea] is a photosystem II (PSII) herbicide derived from urea. It is considered a priority hazardous substance by the European Commission. It is widely used as one among the antifouling paints to the boats and ships to replace Tributyltin (TBT). The antifouling paints are considered as one among the threats facing coastal resources including coral reefs in recent decades. In our previous study we measured concentration of Diuron up to 285 ng/L in coastal water of Johor Port, Malaysia. This study examined the effect of Diuron on fatty acids composition of Lates Calcarifer. The 96 h-LC50’s of Diuron for acute exposure was determined and found to be 1.627±0.181 mg/L. Then sub-lethal exposure (21 days) was done for Lates Calcarifer. The results showed that, non treated samples (fresh and control) were not significant different (P>0.05) and dominated by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) followed by Saturated Fatty Acids (SAFA) and then Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA). The trends for treated samples (50, 30 and 10% of LC50 values) were significant different (P<0.05), with species suffered more as the dose of Diuron increased. The findings of this study demonstrate that Diuron is toxic and may affect the fatty acids composition of Lates Calcarifer even if exposed at the low levels which are normally considered safe to marine species.

Biography:

Dr. Carla Guimaraes has a bachelor's degree in Sports and Physical Education, a Masters in Biosciences of Physical Activity, and a Ph.D. in Production Engineering at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (2002). She is a Senior Researcher at National Institute of Technology. She is now coordinating three projects involving Interactive 3D digital platforms for formation applied to caregivers, combat sports and Paralympics sports. Her areas of professional experience are in Human Factors and Ergonomics, 1D and 3D Anthropometry, Occupational biomechanics, Sports Biomechanics, Assistive Technology, Digital Human Modeling and Simulation.

Abstract:

The percentage of people over 60 years increased from 8.6% in 2000 to 10.8% at Brazilian population in 2010. In 78 cities of Brazil this portion of citizens already represents 20% of the total population. These health and social issues have increased concern of government health institutions regarding the care services and products development for this population in order to improve quality life and security. The purpose of this paper is to present a 3D digital interactive environment to improve education and training of caregivers in order to interact with them as a game to improve the daily care services tasks. The 3D interactive platform framework involved: first step - captured caregivers selected motions using 17 inertial sensors from XSENS Technology and Yei Technology inertial sensors; second step- 3D modeling and simulation - motion data are incorporated to virtual environment using biomechanical models in a game platform; third step - reports and descriptors. The conclusion are: the digital platform will assure more democratic visualization and improve available information for the stakeholders involved, as caregivers, designers, architects, health personnel's in the benefit of senior population The platform will also incorporate 1D anthropometric measurements database of the caregivers and old adults that can help designers and health care's personnel to improve design and care services.

Biography:

After completing Doctor of Medicine course in Community Medicine at the prestigious Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India in 1998, he joined the faculty in the Deptt. of Community Medicine, J.N. Medical College in 1999. He is teaching undergraduate and postgraduate medical students and also involved in training of medical interns in rural health programmes. He is also involved in the research activities directed towards micronutrient deficiencies, HIV/AIDS, disaster management and environmental health issues. He has got 70 papers published in the reputed journals of which 20 research papers are published in international journals including Journal of Royal Society of Health Promotion, England and Journal of Child Health Care of Sage Publication. He has presented papers in 06 international conferences in Bangkok, Singapore, Colombo and Dhaka and more than 100 papers in national conferences/ symposia/ workshops/ courses. He is working with high risk groups for HIV/AIDS like men having sex with men, drug addicts and commercial sex workers. He is also helping children suffering from eye problems with Kids with Vision, USA. He is life member of various public health organizations. He has authored eight books on public health issues. He is also working in the field of nuclear disarmament in the country under the banner of Indian Institute of Peace, Disarmament and Environmental Protection (IIPDEP), Nagpur, India and International Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), a Nobel Peace Prize Winner organization. He has been Coordinator/Principal Investigator/ Co-investigator/Supervisor of various prestigious projects of different agencies like UNICEF, Bill Clinton Foundation, Kids with Vision, New York, World Learning of USA, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL), Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi and Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India. He is a Co-patron of Medics, an umbrella organization of medical doctors and university students working for the poorest of the poor sections of the society in Aligarh and across India.

Abstract:

The present Cross-sectional study was carried out from January, 2014to December, 2014 with the following objectives: 1. To find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity in medical students 2. To determine the correlates of overweight and obesity Participants were medical students posted in the Department of Community Medicine during 3rd to 5th semesters under Rural Health Posting. Total number of participants was 240 comprising of 150 male and 90 female students. A pretested questionnaire was given to them and complete personal details, dietary habits were noted down followed by examination. Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to categorize the students into underweight, normal, overweight and obese groups. A BMI of <18.5 Kg/ m2 was taken as cut off point for under weight. Overweight and Obese were taken at the level of 23 Kg/ m2 and 25 Kg/m2 and above respectively. Among 150 male students, 30 (20.0%) were overweight while 9 (6.0%) were found to be obese and 6 (4.0%) were underweight. Among 90 girls, 21 (23.3%) were overweight, 10 (11.1%) obese and (7.7%) were found to be underweight. High calorie intake was noticed in 45 (30.0%) male students and lack of physical activity was observed in 25 (16.7%) male students. Among female students, high calorie intake and lack of physical activity was found in 31 (34.4%) and 20 (22.2%) students respectively. There is urgent need for prevention of obesity and its risk factors among college students. These findings have enormous significance for developing societies emerging from poverty and continuing to bear the double burden of both form of malnutrition in their populations.

Biography:

Ani Movsisyan is a doctoral student at the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford. Ani also works as a Research Officer on the newly launched project on the GRADE extension for complex interventions at the Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention. Ani earned an MPH from the School of Public Health at the American University of Armenia in 2013, and an MSc in Evidence-Based Social Intervention in 2014 at the University of Oxford.

Abstract:

Introduction: Interventions commonly used in social disciplines that aim to prevent health disparities and enhance population quality of life, such as community-based nutrition and lifestyle interventions, are most frequently complex. These interventions typically operate via a sequence of changes in psychosocial, behavioural, and/or structural processes, targeting multiple outcomes while interacting with local contexts and the mode of intervention delivery. In this light, several researchers argue that evidence synthesis of these complex interventions need to go beyond traditional meta-analysis that yield overall effect estimates. Specifically, reviews of complex interventions should assemble evidence of different types to explore variation in effects across populations, contexts and intervention implementation. This approach may be better suited to tackle health disparities and facilitate policy-relevant evidence synthesis. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach is the most widely adopted system worldwide for rating the quality of evidence and making healthcare recommendations. This paper outlines the specific challenges of applying GRADE to synthesise and assess the quality of evidence of complex interventions, and describes an ongoing project to extend, i.e. adapt GRADE for these interventions. Methods: We retrieved forty systematic reviews from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (only those published from 2013 to May 2014 in CDPLPG, CCDAN and CPH), and we analysed their application of GRADE and the quality of evidence ratings. We then contacted the review authors to explore the challenges they encountered when applying GRADE to complex interventions. Results: Specific challenges were identified in applying GRADE to complex interventions, namely assessments of heterogeneity, indirectness, performance bias and use of non-randomised studies in complex interventions. Authors perceived these challenges to contribute to frequent downgrading of the “best evidence possible” for these interventions. Meanwhile, GRADE was found to lack an analytic approach to integrate additional “parallel” evidence on intervention implementation and context. Conclusions: An extension to the GRADE approach is needed to address identified challenges and enhance its value for evidence syntheses of complex interventions. To extend GRADE for complex interventions, we will use formal consensus methods. This will include an online expert panel to elicit the criteria for the new methodology, followed by a consensus meeting to finalise the criteria and build consensus on the GRADE guidance for complex interventions. We invite interested researchers to participate in this project and help us achieve the best-informed consensus on this guidance.

Biography:

Fatemeh Abdollahi has completed his PhD from University putra Malaysia School of Medicine and Health Sciences. She is the faculty member and researcher in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. She has published more than 20 papers in index journals on the maternal and child health.

Abstract:

Nutrition has an important role in restore women’ health during postnatal period. Much of the woman's behavior during theis period including nutritional practice is strongly influenced by her cultural background. This study was conducted to determine the traditional nutritional practices (TNP) among the postnatal women in Gonbad Kavous city, northern Iran.. In a descriptive study, the data was collected from 305 women between Aug to Oct 2014. Women attending primary health centers in rural and urban areas were recruited using randomized sampling method. A questionnaire on socio-demographic and TNP during postnatal period was administrated to the sample. Yes and no answers were summed up to calculate the total score ranging from 0 to 8. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square test. The total number of traditional practices ranged from 2 to 8 with the mean being 6.46 ± 1.42. Majority of the women have eaten plenty of hot drinker (95.1%), have avoided eating spicy food (87.2%), have eaten plenty of sweaty fatty food (85.6%), have avoided eating some of smelly food such as onion and garlic (84.3%),have eaten yellow oil (Sari Yagh) (83.6%), have eaten red sugar (Ghezel Shekar) (76.1%), have eaten Bulmagh (Oil+ Suger+Rice powder) (73.1%) and have avoided eating red meat (61.3%). There was no significant difference between TNP and socio-demographic characteristics. TNP was quite high among postnatal women in this study. As information on safety of these practices is limited, health care practitioner should be aware of such practices and asked mothers about it.

Biography:

Sampson Ezikeanyi

Abstract:

Approximately 1.8 billion of the world’s population of 7.3 billion are young people. This includes 900 million vulnerable adolescent girls and young women and is expected to grow to 2 billion young people by 2050. In Nigeria, adolescents constitute 31.7% of the population with nearly equal population of males (50.1%) and females (49.9%) (NPoC, 2006). Nigeria has a youthful population where 44.5% are less than 15 years of age; 16.4% are young people aged 15-24 years; 49% are 10-24 years while 14% are aged 25-34 years (NDHS, 2008). Also, 15.3% of young women become sexually active at the age of 15 years in Nigeria. This is far from 68% of the same group in Akwa-Ibom state. The adolescent birth rate in Nigeria is 89/1,000 and early child bearing of 28.6% (GPRHCS, 2012). NARHS 2010 report showed a National HIV prevalence of 4.1% and Akwa-Ibom with 10.9%; rural prevalence of 11.1%. An estimated 42 million induced abortion each year globally, 20 million are done in an unsafe condition with 47,000 deaths of girls and women (WHO). About 760,000 abortions are performed in Nigeria annually and 14% of all unsafe abortions occur in adolescents below 20 years of age. Main question/hypothesis Our review question was to explore the extent to which the sources of family planning information and the sources of family planning service impact on the utilization of the family planning services among adolescents and youth in Akwa-Ibom state of Nigeria. What are the available sources of family planning information and services? What are the preferences of adolescents and young people for sources of family planning information and services? What are the trends and determinants of utilization among the youths in Akwa-Ibom state. Methodology The literature and program review took place in Akwa-Ibom state located in south-south oil rich area of Nigeria with an estimated 2015 total population of 5,272,029 where over 70% of the people live in rural areas. The young people aged 10-24 including adolescents constitute 31% of this total population of Akwa-Ibom (MOEP, 2014). Using the service delivery data gotten from the SDPs in the 31 LGAs, initial primary analysis and validation was done in the states. The authors then performed a detailed program review. The main sources of data for the literature review were the state statistical year book; the serial editions of NDHS, MICS, NARHS plus, GPRHCS survey, published research articles and institutional databases also searched using Google search and HINARI. Data was captured and analyzed using Ms Excel.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and recurrent attempts for losing weight are very common. Diet cycling predisposes to health hazards including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed at evaluating the effect of diet cycling on the course of NAFLD. Materials and methods Male albino Sprague-Dawly rats were used in the study, 24 rats were kept on standard pellet animal diet to serve as control group and 24 rats were fed high fat diet (HFD) for sixteen weeks. Cycling diet group were fed HFD for eight weeks to induce NAFLD, and then shifted to normal caloric diet for four weeks, and then rebound weight gain is allowed by subjecting rats to another four weeks for HFD. Every time interval 8 rats were sacrificed and evaluated for body mass index, liver index, lipid profile, liver enzymes, HOMA-IR index, free fatty acids, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β. Oxidative stress enzymes were also measured. Liver histopathology and α-SMA immunoreactivity were evaluated. Results Cycling diet group showed significant increase in inflammatory markers most notably TNF-α with concomitant significant decrease in glutathione reductase levels. Significant increase in BMI, Liver index and other parameters was obvious. More fatty infiltration was noted in cycling group with more inflammatory infiltration. Conclusion Cycling diet had a negative influence on NAFLD and interfered with normal liver function. Cycling diet caused more fatty infiltration and more inflammation than the continuous HFD. Continuous HFD and cycling diet shared the same fibrosis stage. These results suggest that rebound weight gain affect the course of NAFD negatively.