World Congress on Public Health and Nutrition March 10-12, 2016 Madrid, Spain

Public Health Systems are commonly defined as “all public, private, and voluntary entities that contribute to the delivery of essential public health services within a jurisdiction.” This concept ensures that all entities’ contributions to the health and well-being of the community or state are recognized in assessing the provision of Public Health Services.  

Public Health Nutrition focuses on the promotion of good health through nutrition and the primary prevention of nutrition related illness in the population. It is an area of concentration emphasizing the application of food and nutrition knowledge, policy, and research to the improvement of the health of populations.

Nutritional Epidemiology is the study of relationship between nutrition and health and it is relatively a new field of medicinal science research. This is totally based on the diet and physical activity of our daily routine life. The top journals are peer reviewed scholarly journals of green chemistry. These provide high quality, meticulously reviewed and rapid publication, to cater the insistent need of scientific community. These journals are indexed with all their citations noted. The top open access journals are indexed in Scopus, Copernicus, CAS, EBSCO and ISI. 

Nutrition Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.

Nutritional Systems Biology includes studies across the interface between biological systems and nutritional as well as other environmental factors. As part of this, the time-dependent interactions between nutrients, host metabolism, and gut microbiota are still understood. Systems biology in the context of food and nutrition research thus requires bridging across multiple levels and concepts, for example, cellular--organismal, host--microbial, short-term versus long-term effects.

Communicable diseases are those which get transferred from one person to another or one animal to a person or another animal by means of any contamination. The diseases often spread from one other via air, food, water or transfusing instruments or blood transfusion or bodily fluids. Communicable also mean infectious and contagious.

Many of the epidemic diseases that the world experiencing today are because of contamination. Limiting contamination and proper hygienic habits can halt the spread of disease.

The focus areas involved in combating communicable diseases include public health information, science and research, prevention and control, case management, and regulating diagnostic tests and vaccines. Early diagnosis, proper medication and maintaining good hygienic habits are crucial for communicable diseases.

A Non-Communicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is by definition non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. Currently, NCDs are the leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. The four main types of NCDs, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes, result in more than 30 million deaths annually. To reduce the burden of NCDs on global health, current public health actions stress the importance of preventing, detecting, and correcting modifiable risk factors; controlling major modifiable risk factors has been shown to effectively reduce NCD mortality.

Malnutrition or malnourishment is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems. Malnutrition is often used specifically to refer to under nutrition where there are not enough calories, protein or micronutrients. This is often related to high food prices and poverty. A lack of breast feeding may contribute as a number of infectious diseases such as: gastroenteritis, pneumonia, malaria and measles which increase nutrient requirements. Breastfeeding can reduce rates of malnutrition and death in children. Longer term measures include: improving agricultural practices, reducing poverty, improving sanitation, and the empowerment of women. Over nutrition can result in obesity and overweight. Under nutrition is sometimes used as a synonym of Protein–Energy Malnutrition (PEM). 

Systemic Disorder is a condition involving the body as a whole, as opposed to limited conditions that affect particular parts of the body. It is an abnormal condition of a part, organ, or system of an organism resulting from various causes, such as infection, inflammation, environmental factors, or genetic defect, and characterized by an identifiable group of signs, symptoms, or both.

In Nutrition Health Policy rather than considering the health of the individual we will consider the health of the entire community or certain population. It mainly focus on preventing infectious disease, removing contaminants from food and drinking water, reducing pollutions, by public health policies (for example administering vaccines for various diseases) etc. since they can affect the entire community. The health of the nation can be influenced by public health policies, such as a tobacco control policy, and by policies in many other sectors. For example, transportation policies can encourage increased physical activity and school nutrition policies can ensure healthier meals are provided in schools. Many national health strategies, plans, and initiatives, such as Healthy People 2020, have policy implications. Policy decisions are also frequently reflected in resource allocations 

Nutrition Education is a combination of education and strategies designed to facilitate the voluntary adoption of food choices and other food and nutrition related behaviour for the betterment and maintenance of the health condition of the individual.

Learning about healthy nutritional practices has several positive implications for an individual’s physical well-being. School and secondary education universities should conduct programs designed to educate and encourage children and teenagers to make wise eating choices can help alleviate the prevalence of obesity.

Restrictive eating is extremely detrimental to a person’s health as a lack of nutrients and energy makes it impossible for normal bodily function. Without proper nutritional guidance, children are susceptible towards falling into long lasting poor eating habits that may lead to a number of health risks.

Nutrition Care is the science of food having balanced organic and inorganic elements like carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins and phytonutrients supporting wellbeing of a living entity. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion.

Nutrition Care provide a common understanding about the profession's minimum expectations for practice, and form a basis for self-evaluation and improvement and an expectation about nutritional care and service delivery. The standards of practice in nutrition care are comprised of four standards representing the four steps of the nutrition care process.

It is a systematic problem-solving method that dietitians may use to critically think and make decisions when providing medical nutrition therapy or to address nutrition related problems and provide safe, effective, high quality nutrition care.